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1 alter

alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):
alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:
nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,
Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;
and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,
id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:
alterae,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:
necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:
altera ex duabus legionibus,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;
cum altero vero magnus usus,
Cic. Clu. 42, 117:
alter consulum,
Liv. 40, 59:
alter ex censoribus,
id. 40, 52:
in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,
on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:
si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,
Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:
A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,
Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.
Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,
Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —
B.
Esp.
1.
a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:
Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,
Cato, R. R. 38, 9:
alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:
quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,
Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;
alteram Camulogenus tenebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:
conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,
Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—
b.
In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;
ea optima est,
Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;
venio ad alteram,
Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:
nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:
Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,
Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:
consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,
Eutr. 1, 8:
Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,
Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —
c.
Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:
Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:
alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:
quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,
id. ib.:
alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,
Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes
(α).
one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):
duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,
Liv. 29, 33:
hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or
(β).
the form changed:
dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:
alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:
alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,
Amm. 14, 11.—
d.
In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;
alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:
alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,
id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:
quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —
e.
The second alter in a different case:
alter alterius ova frangit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49:
uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,
Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:
qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,
Liv. 5, 11:
alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,
Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;
53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,
Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:
quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:
dicunt unus ad alterum,
Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:
ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,
ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:
uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:
utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,
Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:
ut nemo sit alteri similis,
Quint. 2, 9, 2:
cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,
id. 7, prooem. 4:
neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:
ut neutra alteri officiat,
Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:
Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;
quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,
Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—
2.
As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:
primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:
proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,
id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:
quadriennio post alterum consulatum,
id. Sen. 9:
die altero,
Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:
se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:
die altero,
ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:
alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,
Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:
intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,
every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:
Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,
Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:
qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,
next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:
alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,
id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,
b.
Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:
accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,
on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:
anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,
in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:
vicesima et altera laedit,
Manil. 4, 466.—
c.
So of a number collectively:
remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,
a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:
ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,
Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;
cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,
a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,
d.
Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.
(α).
For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):
unus et alter dies intercesserat,
Cic. Clu. 26:
adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,
id. Att. 14, 18:
et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,
Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—
(β).
More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:
Unus et item alter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:
mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,
Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:
versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:
ex illis unus et alter ait,
Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:
paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,
Tac. G. 6.—
e.
Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):
etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:
altero tanto aut sesqui major,
Cic. Or. 56, 188:
altero tanto longior,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:
numero tantum alterum adjecit,
Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—
f.
Alteri totidem, as many more:
de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,
Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —
g.
To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,
(α).
With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):
Verres, alter Orcus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:
alterum se Verrem putabat,
id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:
Hamilcar, Mars alter,
Liv. 21, 10.—
(β).
With a com. noun:
me sicut alterum parentem observat,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8:
altera patria,
Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —
(γ).
Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):
vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5:
me alterum se fore dixit,
id. Att. 4, 1:
quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—
(δ).
Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):
amicus est tamquam alter idem,
Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—
3.
The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:
non uterque sed alter,
Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:
fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,
id. Att. 11, 18:
melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,
Liv. 1, 13:
nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,
Ov. A. A. 3, 520:
ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:
ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,
Quint. 5, 10, 69:
ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,
id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:
qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:
ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:
qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 14:
ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,
id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:
scientem in errorem alterum inducere,
id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:
cave ne portus occupet alter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:
nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,
id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:
canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,
Phaedr. 1, 19:
nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,
Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:
in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,
Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:
nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,
ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;
14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,
ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.
alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:
scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,
id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:
qui me alter audacior est homo?
id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—
B.
The other, the opposite:
alterius factionis principes,
the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:
adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,
Suet. Tib. 11. —
C.
In gen., different:
quotiens te speculo videris alterum,
Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—
D.
In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).
► The gen.
alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:
alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:
cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).
► ‡ altĕras, adv.
[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alter
2 alter

alter tera, terum, gen. terīus or terius, dat. alterī (f rarely alterae), pronom adj. [2 AL-], one, another, the one, the other (of two): necesse est sit alterum de duobus: altera ex duabus legionibus, Cs.: alter consulum, L.: in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit, on the other side, Cs.: ut consules alter ambove cognoscerent, one or both: absente consulum altero ambobusve, L. — Alter... alter, the one... the other, the former... the latter: curemus aequam uterque partem; ut alterum, ego item alterum, T.: quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos; alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget: quorum alteri adiuvabant, alteri, etc., Cs.: qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant, L.—Unus... alter, one... the other: Ph. Una iniuria est tecum... altera est tecum, T.: uni epistulae respondi, venio ad alteram. — Opp. to other distributive words: alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.: lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad, etc., Cs.: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet, N.: uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum: neutrum eorum contra alterum iuvare, Cs.—Esp., as a numeral, the second, next (cf. secundus): primo die... alter dies... tertius dies: proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus: sive iterum Sulla sive alter Marius: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert, H. — So, alterā die, the next day: altero die quam, on the next day after, L. — With praepp.: qui tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam, next after: Fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the next after him, V.—In compound numbers: litteras altero vicensimo die reddidit, on the twenty-second day.—Of a number collectively: hos libros alteros quinque mittemus, a second series of five: Aurea mala decem misi; cras altera (sc. decem) mittam, V. — In the phrase, unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.—Usu. of an indef. number, one and another, a couple, one or two: Unus et item alter, T.: unum et alterum diem desiderari: versus paulo concinnior unus et alter, H.—Rarely of a definite number, two: unus et alter dies intercesserat.—Alterum tantum, as much more, as much again, twice as much: altero tanto longior, N.: numero tantum alterum adiecit, L. — Of quality or character, a second, another, i. e. very like: Verres, alter Orcus: alter ego: amicus est tamquam alter idem, a second self.—The one of two, either of two (for alteruter): non uterque sed alter: sine alteris vestrum vivere, L. — Meton., another (for alius): victis non ad alterius praescriptum imperare, Cs.: si nullius alterius nos pudet, nobody else, L.—Hence, a neighbor, fellow-creature: ex incommodis Alterius sua ut conparent commoda, T.: nihil alterius causā facere.—The other, the opposite: alterius factionis principes, the leaders of the opposite party, N.—Different, changed: quotiens et specula videris alterum, H.
* * *
I
CONJ

the_one... the_other (alter... alter); otherwise
II
altera, alterum ADJ

one (of two); second/another; former/latter

unus et alter-- one or two/other
III
alteri N X

second/further/next/other/latter/some person/thing (actually PRON); either

Latin-English dictionary > alter
3 alter-uter

alter-uter utra, utrum, gen. alterutrīus (rarely separate, altera utra, etc.), pronom. adj., one or the other, either this or that, one of two: necesse erat alterutrum esse hostem: ut si in alterutro peccandum sit, malim, etc.: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet, N.

Latin-English dictionary > alter-uter
4 alter ... alter

the one... the other.

Latin-English dictionary of medieval > alter ... alter
5 Alter ego

• Other 'I' or 'Other Self'

Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Alter ego
6 Alter ipse amicus

• A friend is another self

Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Alter ipse amicus
7 alter

I.

(adv.) otherwise.

II.

, altera, alterum

the second, the other one.

Latin-English dictionary of medieval > alter
8 sēsqui-alter

sēsqui-alter era, erum, adj., once and a half: tertia pars, secundae sesquialtera.

Latin-English dictionary > sēsqui-alter
9 Scire tuum nihil est, nisi te scire hoc sciat alter

• Your knowledge is nothing when no one else knows that you know it

Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Scire tuum nihil est, nisi te scire hoc sciat alter
10 Tamquam alter idem

• As if a second self. (Cicero)

Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Tamquam alter idem
11 alteras

alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):
alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:
nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,
Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;
and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,
id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:
alterae,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:
necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:
altera ex duabus legionibus,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;
cum altero vero magnus usus,
Cic. Clu. 42, 117:
alter consulum,
Liv. 40, 59:
alter ex censoribus,
id. 40, 52:
in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,
on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:
si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,
Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:
A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,
Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.
Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,
Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —
B.
Esp.
1.
a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:
Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,
Cato, R. R. 38, 9:
alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:
quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,
Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;
alteram Camulogenus tenebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:
conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,
Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—
b.
In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;
ea optima est,
Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;
venio ad alteram,
Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:
nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:
Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,
Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:
consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,
Eutr. 1, 8:
Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,
Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —
c.
Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:
Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:
alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:
quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,
id. ib.:
alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,
Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimes
(α).
one alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):
duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,
Liv. 29, 33:
hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; or
(β).
the form changed:
dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:
alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:
alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,
Amm. 14, 11.—
d.
In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;
alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:
alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,
id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:
quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —
e.
The second alter in a different case:
alter alterius ova frangit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49:
uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,
Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:
qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,
Liv. 5, 11:
alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,
Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;
53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,
Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:
quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:
dicunt unus ad alterum,
Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:
ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,
ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:
uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:
utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,
Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:
ut nemo sit alteri similis,
Quint. 2, 9, 2:
cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,
id. 7, prooem. 4:
neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:
ut neutra alteri officiat,
Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:
Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;
quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,
Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—
2.
As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:
primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:
proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,
id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:
quadriennio post alterum consulatum,
id. Sen. 9:
die altero,
Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:
se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:
die altero,
ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:
alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,
Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:
intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,
every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:
Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,
Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:
qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,
next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:
alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,
id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,
b.
Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:
accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,
on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:
anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,
in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:
vicesima et altera laedit,
Manil. 4, 466.—
c.
So of a number collectively:
remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,
a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:
ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,
Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;
cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,
a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,
d.
Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.
(α).
For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):
unus et alter dies intercesserat,
Cic. Clu. 26:
adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,
id. Att. 14, 18:
et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,
Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—
(β).
More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:
Unus et item alter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:
mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,
Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:
versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:
ex illis unus et alter ait,
Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:
paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,
Tac. G. 6.—
e.
Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):
etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:
altero tanto aut sesqui major,
Cic. Or. 56, 188:
altero tanto longior,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:
numero tantum alterum adjecit,
Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—
f.
Alteri totidem, as many more:
de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,
Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —
g.
To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,
(α).
With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):
Verres, alter Orcus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:
alterum se Verrem putabat,
id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:
Hamilcar, Mars alter,
Liv. 21, 10.—
(β).
With a com. noun:
me sicut alterum parentem observat,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8:
altera patria,
Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —
(γ).
Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):
vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5:
me alterum se fore dixit,
id. Att. 4, 1:
quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—
(δ).
Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):
amicus est tamquam alter idem,
Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—
3.
The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:
non uterque sed alter,
Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:
fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,
id. Att. 11, 18:
melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,
Liv. 1, 13:
nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,
Ov. A. A. 3, 520:
ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:
ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,
Quint. 5, 10, 69:
ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,
id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:
qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:
ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:
qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 14:
ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,
id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:
scientem in errorem alterum inducere,
id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:
cave ne portus occupet alter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:
nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,
id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:
canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,
Phaedr. 1, 19:
nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,
Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:
in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,
Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:
nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,
ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;
14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,
ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.
alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:
scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,
id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:
qui me alter audacior est homo?
id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—
B.
The other, the opposite:
alterius factionis principes,
the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:
adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,
Suet. Tib. 11. —
C.
In gen., different:
quotiens te speculo videris alterum,
Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—
D.
In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).
► The gen.
alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:
alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:
cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).
► ‡ altĕras, adv.
[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alteras
12 alteruter

altĕr-ŭter, altĕrūtra (more freq. than altera utra), altĕrūtrum (more freq. than alterum utrum), adj. (in the obliq. cas. arch. alterutrius, alterutri, etc.; cf. Prisc. p. 667; 693 P.; gen. and dat. f. alterutrae, Charis. p. 132 ib.).
I.
One of two, the one or the other, either, no matter which (rare but class.): AD. ALTERVTRVM. SIBI. REDD( iderunt), Carm. Fr. Arv. 28:
video esse necesse alterutrum,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 18:
si in alterutro peccandum sit, malo viderinimis timidusquam parum prudens,
id. Marcell. 7; so id. Fam. 6, 3; 9, 6; id. Att. 10, 1; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8 fin.: Alterutrum velox victoria fronde coronet, * Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 64; Nep. Dion, 4, 1.—With both parts declined (prob. only in the two foll. exs.): alteriusutrius causā, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 693 P.: longitudo alteriusutrius, Cic. Prot. Fragm. ib.—
II.
= uterque, both: necessarium fuit alterutrum foris et sub dio esse, Col. praef. 12.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alteruter
13 alterutrimque

altĕr-utrimque, adv., on both sides, in both cases:
in causā alterutrimque modus est,
Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 64, where Jan reads alterutrāque.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alterutrimque
14 unus

ūnus (old forms OINOS and OENOS; cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 9; C. I. L. 1, 32, 35), a, um (scanned gen. sing. unĭus, Lucr. 2, 379; Verg. A. 1, 41; Hor. S. 1, 6, 13 al.:
unīus,
Verg. A. 1, 251; Ov. M. 13, 181 al.; ante-class. collat. form of the gen. sing. uni, Titin. ap. Prisc. pp. 694 and 717 P.; dat. m. uno, Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 6; dat. f. unae, Cato, R. R. 19, 1; acc. OINO, C. I. L. l. l.; voc. une, Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 673 P.; Cat. 37, 17; cf. Varr. L. L. 8, § 63 Müll.; Aug. Conf. 1, 7), num. adj. [cf. Gr. oinê, oios; Goth. ains; Germ. eins; Engl. one].
I.
Prop.
A.
In gen., one, a single.
1.
Sing.:
dabitur tibi amphora una et una semita, Fons unus, unum aënum et octo dolia,
Plaut. Cas. 1, 33 sq.:
mulieres duas pejores esse quam unam,
id. Curc. 5, 1, 2:
pluris est oculatus testis unus, quam auriti decem,
id. Truc. 2, 6, 8:
unius esse negotium diei,
Caes. B. C. 3, 82:
mors Tiberii Gracchi... divisit populum unum in duas partes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31:
cum penes unum est omnium summa rerum, regem illum unum vocamus,
id. ib. 1, 26, 42:
qui uno et octogesimo anno scribens est mortuus,
id. Sen. 5, 13; cf. Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 141.—Corresponding to alter:
Helvetii continentur unā ex parte flumine Rheno, alterā ex parte monte Jurā,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2:
unum, alterum, tertium annum Sassia quiescebat,
Cic. Clu. 64, 178; id. Verr. 2, 4, 29, § 66; 2, 5, 29, § 76:
exercituum unus... alter,
Liv. 24, 44, 1:
ratio triplex: una de vitā et moribus, altera de naturā,
Cic. Ac. 1, 5, 19:
cum duas cerneret vias, unam Voluptatis, alteram Virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 32, 118:
unam Nicaeam, alteram Bucephalen vocavit,
Just. 12, 8, 8; and, connected with alter:
habetur una atque altera contio vehemens,
repeated, several, Cic. Clu. 28, 77:
neque in uno aut altero animadversum est, sed jam in pluribus,
one or two, id. Mur. 21, 43:
meae verecundiae sufficit unus aut alter, ac potius unus,
Plin. Ep. 2, 13. 3;
4, 3, 1: excepto patre tuo, praeterea uno aut altero,
id. Pan. 45:
unus atque alter et mox plures,
Suet. Claud. 12:
unus et alter assentiuntur,
Curt. 5, 7, 4:
sed postquam amans accessit... Unus et item alter,
Ter. And. 1, 1. 50:
amici, Qui modo de multis unus et alter erant,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 16;
rarely unus post unum (= singuli deinceps): interiere,
Aur. Vict. Epit. 26, 41:
uno plus Tuscorum cecidisse in acie (sc. quam Romanorum),
Liv. 2, 7, 2; cf.:
legem unā plures tribus antiquarunt quam jusserunt,
id. 5, 30, 7.—
b.
With gen. part.: Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres: quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 1:
totam philosophiam tres in partes diviserunt... quarum cum una sit, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 4, 2, 5:
superiores tres erant, quarum est una sola defensa,
id. ib. 5, 7, 20:
orare ut trium harum rerum unam ab se impetrari sinerent,
Liv. 42, 23, 5.—
2.
Plur.:
ex unis geminas mihi conficies nuptias,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 50: molas asinarias unas, et trusatiles unas, Hispanienses unas. Cato, R. R. 10, 4; so,
molae,
id. ib. 13, 1:
quadrigae,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14:
similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum,
Auct. Her. 3, 20, 33:
adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,
Cic. Att. 14, 18, 1:
decumae,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:
tibi invideo, quod unis vestimentis tam diu lautus es,
id. Fl. 29, 70:
satis una superque Vidimus excidia,
Verg. A. 2, 642; Luc. 4, 548.—
b.
With gen. part.:
tria Graecorum genera sunt, quorum uni sunt Athenienses, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 27, 64.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Adverbial expressions.
a.
Ad unum, all together, unanimously, to a man, without exception:
amplius duūm milium numero ad unum terga vertebant, Auct. B. Afr. 70: consurrexit senatus cum clamore ad unum,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:
Juppiter, si nondum exosus ad unum Trojanos,
Verg. A. 5, 687:
cui sunt adsensi ad unum (senatores),
Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2:
ipsos ad unum caedere,
Curt. 7, 5, 32;
usu. with omnes,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86; Liv. 21, 42, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 27; cf. ad, C. 2.—
b.
In unum, into one, to one place, together:
Fibrenus divisus aequaliter in duas partes latera haec alluit, rapideque dilapsus cito in unum confluit,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6; cf. Sall. J. 51, 3; Liv. 30, 11, 4; 44, 7, 8; Verg. E. 7, 2; Ov. R. Am. 673.—
2.
Of that which is common to several persons or things, one and the same.
a.
Alone.
(α).
Sing.:
cum suo sibi gnato unam ad amicam de die Potare,
Plaut. As. 4, 2, 16:
uno exemplo ne omnes vitam viverent,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 132; cf. id. Capt. prol. 20:
unius aetatis clarissimi et sapientissimi nostrae civitatis viri,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:
illa cum uno tempore audīsset, etc.,
id. Clu. 9, 28:
atque uno etiam tempore accidit, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 15:
omnibus hic erit unus honos,
Verg. A. 5, 308:
omnes una manet nox,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 15:
unus utrique Error,
id. S. 2, 3, 51:
parentum injuriae Unius modi sunt ferme,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 31:
noli putare tolerabiles horum insanias nec unius modi fore,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5; so,
unius modi,
id. Univ. 7.—Esp., uno ore, with one voice, all together, unanimously:
ceteri amici omnes Uno ore auctores fuere, ut, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 20:
de cujus utilitate omnes uno ore consentiunt,
Cic. Lael. 23, 86:
unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant,
Verg. A. 11, 132.—
(β).
Plur.:
aderit una in unis aedibus,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 76:
unis moribus et nunquam mutatis legibus vivunt,
Cic. Fl. 26, 63.—
b.
Connected with idem:
exitus quidem omnium unus et idem fuit,
Cic. Div. 2, 47, 97:
in quā (sc. causā) omnes sentirent unum atque idem,
id. Cat. 4, 7, 14:
ferar unus et idem,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200; Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 18.—
c.
Corresponding to idem:
non semper idem floribus est honor Vernis, neque uno Luna rubens nitet Vultu,
Hor. C. 2, 11, 10.—
3.
For solus, of that which is alone, by itself; one, alone, only, sole, single.
a.
Sing.
(α).
Alone:
hic unus, ut ego suspicor, servat fidem,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 4, 21:
unum hoc scio, hanc meritam esse, ut memor esses sui,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 46; cf.:
unum hoc definio, tantam esse necessitatem virtutis, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1:
cum mihi sit unum opus hoc a parentibus meis relictum,
id. ib. 1, 22, 35:
nunc vero eversis omnibus rebus, una ratio videtur,
id. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
itaque unum illud erat insitum priscis illis,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:
quove praesidio unus per tot gentes pervenisset?
Liv. 1, 18, 3:
erat omnino in Galliā ulteriore legio una,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:
Pompejus plus potest unus, quam ceteri omnes,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:
cui (sc. mihi) semper uni magis, quam universis, placere voluisti,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 46:
qui (sc. Demosthenes) unus eminet inter omnes in omni genere dicendi,
id. Or. 29, 104:
te unum in tanto exercitu mihi fuisse adsensorem,
id. Fam. 6, 21, 1.— Absol.:
de Antonio nihil dico praeter unum,
Cic. Sest. 3, 8.—
(β).
With ex:
cum te unum ex omnibus ad dicendum maxime natum aptumque cognōssem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 99: illc unus ex omnibus Italicis intactus profugit, [p. 1934] Sall. J. 67, 3; 69, 4.—
(γ).
With gen.:
ille unus ordinis nostri discessu meo palam exsultavit,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133:
quod post Cannensem cladem unus Romanorum imperatorum prospere rem gessisset,
Liv. 23, 30, 19.—
(δ).
With sup.:
tu, quam ego unam vidi mulierem audacissumam,
Plaut. As. 3, 1, 16:
unus istic servos est sacerrumus,
id. Most. 4, 2, 67:
rem unam esse omnium difficillimam,
Cic. Brut. 6, 25:
urbem unam mihi amicissimam declinavi,
id. Planc. 41, 97:
quo ego uno equite Romano familiarissime utor,
id. Fam. 13, 43, 1:
virum unum totius Graeciae doctissimum Platonem accepimus,
id. Rab. Post. 9, 23.—
(ε).
With magis:
quam Juno fertur terris magis omnibus unam Posthabitā coluisse Samo,
Verg. A. 1, 15.—
(ζ).
With comp.:
sagacius unus odoror,
Hor. Epod. 12, 4.—
(η).
Strengthened by solus:
unus est solus inventus, qui, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 62, 130; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 13:
ex uno oppido solo,
id. ib. 2, 2, 75, §
185: nil admirari prope res est una, Numici, Solaque, quae, etc.,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1:
te unum, solum suum depeculatorem, vexatorem... venisse senserunt,
Cic. Pis. 40, 96:
unus solusque censebat,
Plin. Pan. 76.—
(θ).
Strengthened by tantum (rare before the Aug. age; once in Cic.; cf. Halm ad Cic. Sull. 22, 62):
inter bina castra... unum flumen tantum intererat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19:
excepit unum tantum, nihil amplius,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
unius tantum criminis in vincla te duci jubeo,
Liv. 3, 56, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:
unā tantum perforatā navi,
id. 21, 50, 6; 34, 9, 5; 44, 43, 6; Just. 8, 5, 5; Sen. Ep. 79, 1; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 11, 37, 47, § 131; Cels. 5, 28, 14; cf. absol.:
unum defuisse tantum superbiae, quod, etc.,
Liv. 6, 16, 5.—
(ι).
Strengthened by modo (class.):
nam aliis unus modo, aliis plures, aliis omnes eidem videntur,
Cic. Or. 54, 180:
hi unum modo quale sit suspicantur,
id. ib. 9, 28:
hoc autem si ita sit, ut unum modo sensibus falsum videtur,
id. Ac. 2, 32, 101; id. Phil. 1, 6, 14; Sall. J. 89, 6; id. H. 3, 61, 12 Dietsch; Liv. 22, 45, 4; 23, 42, 5.—
(κ).
Unus for unus omnium maxime:
quae tibi una in amore atque in deliciis fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3; so,
Nautes, unum Tritonia Pallas Quem docuit,
Verg. A. 5, 704.—
(λ).
Emphat., with negatives, no one person or thing, not a single one, none whatever:
eum si reddis mihi, praeterea unum nummum ne duis,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81:
nemo de nobis unus excellat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 105:
ut unum signum Byzantii ex maximo numero nullum haberent,
id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:
nullā re unā magis oratorem commendari, quam, etc.,
id. Brut. 59, 216:
haec adhortatio praetoris non modo quemquam unum elicuit ad suadendum, sed ne fremitum quidem movit (i. e. non modo non... sed),
Liv. 32, 20, 7:
quia nemo unus satis dignus regno visus est,
id. 2, 6, 3:
eo mortuo ad neminem unum summa imperii redit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18:
Rhodiis ut nihil unum insigne, ita omnis generis dona dedit,
Liv. 41, 20, 7; cf. id. 3, 45, 4.—
b.
Plur.:
sequere me Tres unos passus,
three single steps, only three steps, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 34:
unae quinque minae,
id. Ps. 1, 1, 52:
ruri dum sum ego unos sex dies,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 129; id. Cist. 4, 2, 68:
sese unis Suebis concedere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 7:
Ubii, qui uni legatos miserant,
id. ib. 4, 16:
ut unis litteris totius aestatis res gestas ad senatum perscriberem,
Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 3:
abs te ipso, qui me accusas, unas mihi scito litteras redditas esse,
id. Att. 1, 5, 4.
II.
Transf., indef., a or an, one, some, some one.
A.
Without a pron.
1.
Absol.:
inter mulieres, Quae ibi aderant, forte unam aspicio adulescentulam, etc.,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 91:
ibi una aderit mulier lepida, etc.,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 38:
sicut unus paterfamilias his de rebus loquor,
Cic. de Or. 1, 29, 132; cf.:
me una haec res torquet, quod non Pompejum tanquam unus manipularis secutus sim,
id. Att. 9, 10, 2.—
2.
With ex:
ut me sic audiatis ut unum e togatis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 22, 36; cf.:
qui non fuit orator unus e multis: potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,
id. Brut. 79, 274:
ex principibus unus nomine Polyaenus,
Liv. 24, 22, 1:
unus ex ultimā turbā,
id. 24, 27, 1.—
3.
With de:
tenuis L. Verginius unusque de multis,
Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 66. —
4.
With gen. part. (not in Cic.):
eregione unius eorum pontium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 35:
Apollonides principum unus orationem habuit,
Liv. 24, 28, 1:
pastorum unus,
id. 10, 4, 8:
servus unus exulum initium fecit,
id. 25, 23, 6:
scortum transfugarum unius,
id. 26, 12, 16; 26, 33, 11; 30, 42, 30; 37, 23, 7;
40, 5, 10: unus turbae militaris,
id. 22, 42, 4; 6, 40, 6:
unus hostium Latinae linguae sciens,
Tac. A. 2, 13:
una Amazonum,
id. ib. 4, 56:
unum se civium (esse) respondit,
id. ib. 12, 5.—
5.
With sup.:
est huic unus servos violentissimus, Qui, etc.,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 39; cf.:
tanquam mihi cum M. Crasso contentio esset, non cum uno gladiatore nequissimo,
Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7.—
B.
With,
1.
Aliquis:
ex quibus si unum aliquod in te cognoveris, etc.,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 9, 27; cf.:
ad unum aliquem confugere,
id. Off. 2, 12, 41:
unius alicujus,
id. Fin. 3, 19, 64; id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62; 2, 2, 3, § 9; id. Phil. 10, 1, 3.—In the order aliquis unus, Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48.—
2.
Quidam:
est enim eloquentia una quaedam de summis virtutibus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 55:
unius cujusdam,
id. ib. 2, 10, 40.—
3.
Quivis:
si tu solus aut quivis unus, etc.,
Cic. Caecin. 22, 62.—
4.
Quilibet:
queratur unus quilibet militis mei injuriam,
Liv. 42, 42, 3:
unus Quiritium quilibet,
id. 6, 40, 6:
quilibet unus ex iis, quos, etc.,
id. 9, 17, 15.—
5.
Quisque:
ponite ante oculos unum quemque regum,
Cic. Par. 1, 2, 11; so,
unus quisque (and sometimes in one word, unusquisque): unāquāque de re,
id. Font. 10, 21:
unum quodque,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 83:
unum quidque,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 132; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 29:
domini capitis unius cujusque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48.—
6.
Quisquis:
sin unum quicquid singillatim et placide percontabere,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 39:
unum quicquid,
Lucr. 5, 1388.—
C.
Private, un official, a private person, a private citizen (post-class.):
dicentes publicam violationem fidei non debere unius lui sanguine,
Vell. 2, 1, 5:
pro uno homine jactura publica pacisceris,
Sen. Suas. 7, 3.— Adv.: ūnā (acc. to I. B. 1.), in one and the same place, at the same time, in company, together:
qui cum Amphitruone hinc una ieram in exercitum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 248:
hic Juppiter hodie ipse aget, Et ego una cum illo,
id. ib. prol. 95:
quod summi puerorum amores saepe una cum praetextā togā ponerentur,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:
i mecum, obsecro, una simul,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 43:
mandata eri perierunt, una et Sosia,
id. Am. 1, 1, 182:
si mei consilii causam rationemque cognoverit, una et id quod facio probabit, et, etc.,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1:
qui una venerant,
id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:
cum et ego essem una et pauci admodum familiares,
id. Lael. 1, 2:
si in Italiā consistat (Pompejus), erimus una,
id. Att. 7, 10; id. Fin. 2, 24, 79; id. Brut. 21, 81.— Poet., with dat.:
Pallas huic filius una, Una omnes juvenum primi pauperque senatus Tura dabant,
at the same time, along with him, Verg. A. 8, 104 sq.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > unus
15 Muto

1.
mūto, āvi, ātum (arch. subj. mutassis, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 49; inf. pass. mutarier, id. Men. prol. 74), 1, v. a. and n. freq. [moveo].
I.
Prop., to move, to move away or from its place, to move to a place (rare):
neque se luna quoquam mutat,
does not move, does not budge, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 117: illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, does not quit her dress or her dwelling, Hor. S. 2, 7, 64:
ne quis invitus civitate mutetur,
be forced to leave, be driven from, Cic. Balb. 13, 30:
hinc dum muter,
if I can only get away from here, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 73.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Of change in the thing spoken of itself.
1.
In gen.
a.
Act., to alter, change a thing (freq. and class.; cf.
vario): sententiam mutare numquam,
Cic. Mur 29, 61: ego rogatus mutavi consilium meum. id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:
consuetudinem dicendi,
id. Brut. 91, 314:
mentes vestras voluntatesque,
id. Prov. Cons. 10, 25:
cum testamentum mutare cuperet,
id. Clu. 11, 31: propositum. Petr. 116:
ne haec mutet fidem,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 36: nequeo exorare [p. 1181] ut me maneat et cum illo ut mutet fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28:
tabulas,
to alter one's will, Juv. 14, 55.— Absol.:
natura nescia mutari,
incapable of change, Juv. 13, 240. —With ob:
mutatum jus ob unius feneratoris libidinem,
Liv. 8, 28, 1:
facilem mutatu gentem,
Tac. A. 14, 23.—With ad:
gubernatori ad incursus tempestatum... ratio mutanda est,
Quint. 10, 7, 3:
ad singulas paene distinctiones vultus mutandus est,
id. 11, 3, 47.—With Gr. acc.:
mutata suos flumina cursus,
Verg. E. 8, 4:
negat quicquam ex Latinā ratione mutandum,
Quint. 1, 5, 89.—With cum:
cum illo fidem,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28 supra; more freq. cum aliquā re, to change with or under the influence of a thing:
facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur,
Sall. J. 78, 3:
qui cum fortunā non animum mutāsset,
Vell. 2, 82, 2:
quarum uvarum vini jucunditas cum regione mutatur,
Col. 3, 2, 16; Ambros. in Abrah. 2, 10, 68.—With in and acc.:
bona facile mutantur in pejus,
Quint. 1, 1, 5.—With ex:
nisi forte non ex Graeco mutantes, etc.,
Quint. 3, 4, 14:
ex feminis mutari in mares,
Plin. 7, 4, 3, § 36. —With de:
de uxore nihil mutat,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 46.—With ab:
quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore,
Verg. A. 2, 274:
longe mutatus ab illo Sampsone, qui, etc.,
Ambros. Spir. Sanc. 2, prol. § 13.—Non mutat, with rel.-clause, it makes no difference: nec mutat confestim, an interjecto tempore, fidem suam adstrinxerunt, Pap. Dig. 46, 1, 52, § 2. —With abl. instrum. ( poet.):
ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos,
Hor. A. P. 60.—
b.
Neutr., = mutari, to alter, change:
quantum mores mutaverint argumentum,
Liv. 39, 51, 10:
postquam mutabat aestus,
Tac. A. 2, 23; 12, 20:
annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit,
Liv. 5, 13, 1:
mox in superbiam mutans,
Tac. A. 12, 29:
adeo animi mutaverant, ut clariorem inter Romanos deditio Postumium... faceret,
Liv. 9, 12, 3:
tantum mutāsse fortunam, ut, etc.,
id. 29, 3, 10; 39, 51, 10.—
(β).
To differ, be different:
pastiones hiberno ac verno tempore hoc mutant,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 12:
quantum mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est,
Gell. 2, 23, 7.—
(γ).
Of style, to vary:
an ego... poetis, et maxime tragicis concederem, ut ne omnibus locis eādem contentione uterentur, crebroque mutarent? etc.,
Cic. Or. 31, 109.—
2.
In partic.
a.
To change the color of, to color, dye (cf.:
inficio, imbuo): aries jam suave rubenti Murice, jam croceo mutabit vellera luto,
Verg. E. 4, 44:
nec lanarum colores, quibus simplex ille candor mutatus est, elui possunt,
Quint. 1, 1, 5.—
b.
To change for the better, make better, to improve: placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi.:
non, si queam mutare,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 19.—
c.
To change for the worse; pass., of wine, to spoil, turn, etc.:
ac, nisi mutatum, parcit defundere vinum,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 58:
melle mutatum (sc. balsamum),
adulterated, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122.—
B.
Of change in its relation to other things, etc.
1.
In gen., to change one thing, etc., for another:
mutatis ad celeritatem jumentis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 11:
vestimenta mutanti tunica ardere visa est,
Suet. Tib. 14:
calceos et vestimenta,
Cic. Mil. 10, 28.—Esp. freq.: mutare vestem, to change one's dress: An. Muta vestem. Ch. Ubi mutem?... An. Eamus ad me. Ibi proximum'st ubi mutes, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 61 sqq.:
mutando nunc vestem, nunc tegumenta capitis,
Liv. 22, 1, 3; Sen. Ep. 18, 2.—Esp., to put on the garb of mourning, of humility, etc.:
pro me praesente senatus hominumque praeterea viginti millia vestem mutaverunt,
Cic. post Red. ad Quir. 3, 8:
non modo ut vestem mutaret, aut supplex prensaret homines, sed, etc.,
Liv. 2, 61; 8, 37, 9; Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Hor. C. 1, 35, 23.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Mutata verba, i. e. figurative:
mutata (verba), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet, sumptum ex re aliquā consequenti,
Cic. Or. 27, 92.—
b.
Of style, to vary, alter:
reliquum est ut dicas de conversā oratione atque mutatā,
Cic. Part. Or. 7, 23:
genus eloquendi... mutatum,
id. ib. 5, 16.—
c.
Of one's assertion or promise:
quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,
will not break my word, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90.—
d.
Of place, to change, shift, alter:
locum ex loco mutans (sc. typhon) rapidā vertigine,
Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 132; cf.: quod nec injussu populi mutari finibus posset, to be removed, Liv. 5, 46, 11:
exsules sunt, etiam si solum non mutārunt,
i. e. gone into exile, Cic. Par. 4, 31:
jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem Sospite cursu,
Hor. C. Sec. 39.—
C.
Of common or reciprocal relations, to interchange, exchange.—With cum:
cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 8, § 19:
ut vestem cum illo mutem,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 24:
ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,
Liv. 21, 45, 6.—With pro:
C. Hostilio pro Etruriā Tarentum mutaverant (sonatus) provinciam, pro Tarento Capuam mutaverunt,
Liv. 27, 35, 14:
non debere eum incerta pro certis mutare,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos,
Liv. 34, 49, 6.—With abl. of that for which the exchange, etc., is made:
quid terras alio calentes Sole mutamus (patriā),
Hor. C. 2, 16, 19:
victoriae possessionem incertā pace mutāsse,
Liv. 9, 12, 2; also with abl. of that given in exchange, etc.:
victrice patriā victam mutari,
id. 5, 30, 3.—So esp. of trading, etc., to exchange, barter, sell, etc.:
coepit captivos conmercari Aleos, si quem reperire possit, qui mutet suum,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 28; cf.:
homines captivos conmercatur, si queat Aliquem invenire, suum qui mutet filium,
id. ib. 1, 1, 33;
1, 2, 68: hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 29:
mutandi copia,
Sall. J. 18, 5.—With abl.:
uvam Furtivā mutat strigili,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 109:
suburbanis lactens porcus aere mutandus est,
Col. 7, 9, 4:
caetera reponantur, vel aere mutentur,
id. 8, 5, 4:
aere mutandi sunt (sc. apri),
id. 9, 1, 7:
quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur,
Verg. G. 3, 307; so with cum and pers. with whom the exchange is made:
eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio,
Sall. J. 44, 5.—With inter:
mutare res inter se instituerant,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
D.
To forsake, abandon, leave:
mutare, derelinquere,
Non. p. 351, 1:
expertum jam principem anxii mutabant,
Tac. H. 3, 44: mihi non persuadetur... mutem meos, Lucil. ap. Non. 351, 3: mutataque sidera pondus Quaesivere suum, i. e. forsaken or abandoned by the gods, Petr. poët. 124, 264.—Hence, mūtā-tus, a, um, P. a., changed, i. e. different, successive:
quae (facies) mutatis inducitur atque fovetur Tot medicaminibus,
Juv. 6, 472.
2.
mūto, ōnis, m., = membrum virile (rare and only poet.), Lucil. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 68; also id. ib. Orell. (K. and H. muttonis).
3.
Mūto, a Roman surname, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fundan. p. 445 Orell.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Muto
16 muto

1.
mūto, āvi, ātum (arch. subj. mutassis, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 49; inf. pass. mutarier, id. Men. prol. 74), 1, v. a. and n. freq. [moveo].
I.
Prop., to move, to move away or from its place, to move to a place (rare):
neque se luna quoquam mutat,
does not move, does not budge, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 117: illa tamen se Non habitu mutatve loco, does not quit her dress or her dwelling, Hor. S. 2, 7, 64:
ne quis invitus civitate mutetur,
be forced to leave, be driven from, Cic. Balb. 13, 30:
hinc dum muter,
if I can only get away from here, Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 73.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Of change in the thing spoken of itself.
1.
In gen.
a.
Act., to alter, change a thing (freq. and class.; cf.
vario): sententiam mutare numquam,
Cic. Mur 29, 61: ego rogatus mutavi consilium meum. id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:
consuetudinem dicendi,
id. Brut. 91, 314:
mentes vestras voluntatesque,
id. Prov. Cons. 10, 25:
cum testamentum mutare cuperet,
id. Clu. 11, 31: propositum. Petr. 116:
ne haec mutet fidem,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 36: nequeo exorare [p. 1181] ut me maneat et cum illo ut mutet fidem, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28:
tabulas,
to alter one's will, Juv. 14, 55.— Absol.:
natura nescia mutari,
incapable of change, Juv. 13, 240. —With ob:
mutatum jus ob unius feneratoris libidinem,
Liv. 8, 28, 1:
facilem mutatu gentem,
Tac. A. 14, 23.—With ad:
gubernatori ad incursus tempestatum... ratio mutanda est,
Quint. 10, 7, 3:
ad singulas paene distinctiones vultus mutandus est,
id. 11, 3, 47.—With Gr. acc.:
mutata suos flumina cursus,
Verg. E. 8, 4:
negat quicquam ex Latinā ratione mutandum,
Quint. 1, 5, 89.—With cum:
cum illo fidem,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 28 supra; more freq. cum aliquā re, to change with or under the influence of a thing:
facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur,
Sall. J. 78, 3:
qui cum fortunā non animum mutāsset,
Vell. 2, 82, 2:
quarum uvarum vini jucunditas cum regione mutatur,
Col. 3, 2, 16; Ambros. in Abrah. 2, 10, 68.—With in and acc.:
bona facile mutantur in pejus,
Quint. 1, 1, 5.—With ex:
nisi forte non ex Graeco mutantes, etc.,
Quint. 3, 4, 14:
ex feminis mutari in mares,
Plin. 7, 4, 3, § 36. —With de:
de uxore nihil mutat,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 46.—With ab:
quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore,
Verg. A. 2, 274:
longe mutatus ab illo Sampsone, qui, etc.,
Ambros. Spir. Sanc. 2, prol. § 13.—Non mutat, with rel.-clause, it makes no difference: nec mutat confestim, an interjecto tempore, fidem suam adstrinxerunt, Pap. Dig. 46, 1, 52, § 2. —With abl. instrum. ( poet.):
ut silvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos,
Hor. A. P. 60.—
b.
Neutr., = mutari, to alter, change:
quantum mores mutaverint argumentum,
Liv. 39, 51, 10:
postquam mutabat aestus,
Tac. A. 2, 23; 12, 20:
annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit,
Liv. 5, 13, 1:
mox in superbiam mutans,
Tac. A. 12, 29:
adeo animi mutaverant, ut clariorem inter Romanos deditio Postumium... faceret,
Liv. 9, 12, 3:
tantum mutāsse fortunam, ut, etc.,
id. 29, 3, 10; 39, 51, 10.—
(β).
To differ, be different:
pastiones hiberno ac verno tempore hoc mutant,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 12:
quantum mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est,
Gell. 2, 23, 7.—
(γ).
Of style, to vary:
an ego... poetis, et maxime tragicis concederem, ut ne omnibus locis eādem contentione uterentur, crebroque mutarent? etc.,
Cic. Or. 31, 109.—
2.
In partic.
a.
To change the color of, to color, dye (cf.:
inficio, imbuo): aries jam suave rubenti Murice, jam croceo mutabit vellera luto,
Verg. E. 4, 44:
nec lanarum colores, quibus simplex ille candor mutatus est, elui possunt,
Quint. 1, 1, 5.—
b.
To change for the better, make better, to improve: placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi.:
non, si queam mutare,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 19.—
c.
To change for the worse; pass., of wine, to spoil, turn, etc.:
ac, nisi mutatum, parcit defundere vinum,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 58:
melle mutatum (sc. balsamum),
adulterated, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 122.—
B.
Of change in its relation to other things, etc.
1.
In gen., to change one thing, etc., for another:
mutatis ad celeritatem jumentis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 11:
vestimenta mutanti tunica ardere visa est,
Suet. Tib. 14:
calceos et vestimenta,
Cic. Mil. 10, 28.—Esp. freq.: mutare vestem, to change one's dress: An. Muta vestem. Ch. Ubi mutem?... An. Eamus ad me. Ibi proximum'st ubi mutes, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 61 sqq.:
mutando nunc vestem, nunc tegumenta capitis,
Liv. 22, 1, 3; Sen. Ep. 18, 2.—Esp., to put on the garb of mourning, of humility, etc.:
pro me praesente senatus hominumque praeterea viginti millia vestem mutaverunt,
Cic. post Red. ad Quir. 3, 8:
non modo ut vestem mutaret, aut supplex prensaret homines, sed, etc.,
Liv. 2, 61; 8, 37, 9; Cic. Sest. 11, 26; Hor. C. 1, 35, 23.—
2.
Esp.
a.
Mutata verba, i. e. figurative:
mutata (verba), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud, quod idem significet, sumptum ex re aliquā consequenti,
Cic. Or. 27, 92.—
b.
Of style, to vary, alter:
reliquum est ut dicas de conversā oratione atque mutatā,
Cic. Part. Or. 7, 23:
genus eloquendi... mutatum,
id. ib. 5, 16.—
c.
Of one's assertion or promise:
quod dixi semel, hau mutabo,
will not break my word, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 90.—
d.
Of place, to change, shift, alter:
locum ex loco mutans (sc. typhon) rapidā vertigine,
Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 132; cf.: quod nec injussu populi mutari finibus posset, to be removed, Liv. 5, 46, 11:
exsules sunt, etiam si solum non mutārunt,
i. e. gone into exile, Cic. Par. 4, 31:
jussa pars mutare Lares et urbem Sospite cursu,
Hor. C. Sec. 39.—
C.
Of common or reciprocal relations, to interchange, exchange.—With cum:
cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 8, § 19:
ut vestem cum illo mutem,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 24:
ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,
Liv. 21, 45, 6.—With pro:
C. Hostilio pro Etruriā Tarentum mutaverant (sonatus) provinciam, pro Tarento Capuam mutaverunt,
Liv. 27, 35, 14:
non debere eum incerta pro certis mutare,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos,
Liv. 34, 49, 6.—With abl. of that for which the exchange, etc., is made:
quid terras alio calentes Sole mutamus (patriā),
Hor. C. 2, 16, 19:
victoriae possessionem incertā pace mutāsse,
Liv. 9, 12, 2; also with abl. of that given in exchange, etc.:
victrice patriā victam mutari,
id. 5, 30, 3.—So esp. of trading, etc., to exchange, barter, sell, etc.:
coepit captivos conmercari Aleos, si quem reperire possit, qui mutet suum,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 28; cf.:
homines captivos conmercatur, si queat Aliquem invenire, suum qui mutet filium,
id. ib. 1, 1, 33;
1, 2, 68: hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 29:
mutandi copia,
Sall. J. 18, 5.—With abl.:
uvam Furtivā mutat strigili,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 109:
suburbanis lactens porcus aere mutandus est,
Col. 7, 9, 4:
caetera reponantur, vel aere mutentur,
id. 8, 5, 4:
aere mutandi sunt (sc. apri),
id. 9, 1, 7:
quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur,
Verg. G. 3, 307; so with cum and pers. with whom the exchange is made:
eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio,
Sall. J. 44, 5.—With inter:
mutare res inter se instituerant,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
D.
To forsake, abandon, leave:
mutare, derelinquere,
Non. p. 351, 1:
expertum jam principem anxii mutabant,
Tac. H. 3, 44: mihi non persuadetur... mutem meos, Lucil. ap. Non. 351, 3: mutataque sidera pondus Quaesivere suum, i. e. forsaken or abandoned by the gods, Petr. poët. 124, 264.—Hence, mūtā-tus, a, um, P. a., changed, i. e. different, successive:
quae (facies) mutatis inducitur atque fovetur Tot medicaminibus,
Juv. 6, 472.
2.
mūto, ōnis, m., = membrum virile (rare and only poet.), Lucil. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 68; also id. ib. Orell. (K. and H. muttonis).
3.
Mūto, a Roman surname, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fundan. p. 445 Orell.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > muto
17 mūtō

mūtō āvī, ātus, āre, freq. [moveo].—Of motion, to move, move away, remove: se Non habitu mutatve loco, quit her dress or her dwelling, H.: coactus civitate mutari, be forced to leave: hinc dum muter, if I can only get away, O.: haec mutata, transplanted, V.—Of alteration, to alter, change, transform, vary, modify: sententiam paucis mutatis rebus sequi, with trifling modifications, Cs.: consilium meum: consuetudinem dicendi: testamentum: tabulas, one's will, Iu.: cum illo ut mutet fidem, T.: natura nescia mutari, incapable of change, Iu.: Mutati fremunt venti, shifted, V.: faciem mutatus, transformed in appearance, V.: facies locorum cum ventis simul mutatur, S.: mutatis ad misericordiam animis, turned, L.: quantum mutatus ab illo Hectore, V.: acetum, Quod vitio mutaverit uvam, by fermentation has turned, H.: (lupum) marmore, into marble, O.— To suffer change, alter, change: de uxore nihil mutat, T.: quantum mores mutaverint, L.: annona ex ante convectā copiā nihil mutavit, L.—Of style, to vary, change, diversify: an ego poetis concederem, ut crebro mutarent?: genus eloquendi... mutatum: mutata (verba), used figuratively.—To change in color, color, dye: aries iam croceo mutabit vellera luto, V.— To change, make better, improve: Placet tibi factum, Micio? Mi. non si queam mutare, T.— To change for the worse, spoil, turn: mutatum vinum, H.—Of substitution, to change, replace, make a change in: mutatis ad celeritatem iumentis, Cs.: calceos et vestimenta: arma ornatumque, S.: tegumenta capitis, L.: vestitum, put on mourning: mutatā Veste (Fortuna), assuming a squalid garb, H.—Of place, to change, shift, alter: mutari finibus, to be removed, L.: solum, i. e. go into exile: caelum, non animum, H.: calores (i. e. amores), Pr.—Of exchange, to interchange, exchange: cum amplificatione vectigalium nomen Hieronicae legis mutare: ut vestem cum eo mutem, T.: mutata secum fortuna, L.: incerta pro certis, S.: mutatos pro Macedonibus Romanos dominos, L.: pace bellum, S.: victoriae possessionem pace incertā, L.: mitibus Mutare tristia, H. — To exchange, barter, sell: Hic mutat merces surgente a sole, etc., H.: mutandi copia, S.: uvam Furtivā strigili, H.: quamvis Milesia magno Vellera mutentur, are sold dear, V.: eaque mutare cum mercatoribus vino advecticio, S.: res inter se, S.— To forsake: principem, Ta.
* * *
I
mutare, mutavi, mutatus V

move, change, shift, alter, exchange, substitute (for); modify
II
mutonis N M

penis; (rude)

Latin-English dictionary > mūtō
18 Alius

1.
Ālĭus (better Ālĕus), a, um, adj., = Elius (v. Alis and Elis), Elian; subst., a native of Elis, a town in Achaia (only a few times in Plaut. Capt.):
postquam belligerant Aetoli cum Aleis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 24; 27; 2, 2, 30.
2.
ălĭus, a, ud, adj. and subst. (old form, alis, alid, after the analogy of quis, quid:
alis rare,
Cat. 66, 28; Sall. ap. Charis, 2, p. 133; Inscr. Orell. 2488:
alid more freq.,
Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 257; 5, 1305; 5, 1456; Cat. 29, 15; cf. Prisc. 13, p. 959.— Gen. sing. masc.: alius, rare, and not used by Tac.; for which alterius is com. used (v. alter); also alii, Cato and Licin. ap. Prisc. 194 P.; Varr. R. R. 1, 2.— Fem. gen.:
aliae,
Lucr. 3, 918; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30; Liv. 24, 27, 8; Gell. 2, 28, 1; Capito ap. Gell. 4, 10, 8.— Masc. dat.:
ali,
Lucr. 6, 1226:
alio,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 13. — Fem. dat.:
aliae,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 207; Gell. 9, 4, 8) [cf. allos; Osc. allo ( nom. sing. fem.); Goth. alis; Erse, aile; O. H. Germ. alles, elles ( conj.); Engl. else], another, [p. 90] other (i. e. of many, whereas alter is one of two, v. exceptt. under II. G.); freq. with the indef. pronn. aliquis, quis, aliqui, qui, quidam, and the interrog. quis, qui, etc.
I.
A.. In gen.:
eorum sectam sequuntur multi mortales... multi alii ex Troja strenui viri,
Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 16:
alios multos,
Vulg. Matt. 15, 30; ib. Marc. 7, 4:
plures alios,
ib. ib. 12, 5:
cum aliis pluribus,
ib. Act. 15, 35:
an ita dissolvit, ut omnes alii dissolverunt?
Cic. Font. 1; Tac. H. 5, 5:
dum aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:
nec nobis praeter med alius quisquam est servos Sosia,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 244:
nec quisquam alius affuit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 269:
panem vel aliud quidquam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 3, 35. utrum hanc actionem habebis an aliam quampiam; Cic. Caecin. 37:
quidquid aliud dare,
Vulg. Lev. 22, 25:
ALIS NE POTESTO,
Inscr. Orell. 2488:
datum Mi esse ab dis aliis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 12:
adulescentulo in alio occupato amore,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:
aut aliae cujus desiderium insideat rei,
Lucr. 3, 918:
ne quam aliam quaerat copiam,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 54:
nisi quid pater ait aliud,
id. And. 5, 4, 47:
si verum est, Q. Fabium Labeonem seu quem alium arbitrum a senatu datum, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33:
quodcumque alid auget,
Lucr. 5, 257:
Est alius quidam, parasitaster paululus,
Ter. Ad. 5. 2, 4; so Vulg. Luc. 22, 59:
tuo (judicio) stabis, si aliud quoddam est tuum,
Cic. Or. 71, 237:
L. Aemilius alius vir erat,
Liv. 44, 18:
Genus ecce aliud discriminis audi,
Juv. 12, 24:
alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit,
Cic. Verr. 5, 117; Tac. Agr. 39:
nemo alius,
Cic. Pis. 94; Vulg. Joan. 15, 24:
alius nemo,
Cic. Quinct. 76:
plus alimenti est in pane quam in ullo alio,
Cels. 2, 18:
aliud esse causae suspicamur,
Cic. Fl. 39:
Anne aliud tunc praefecti?
Juv. 4, 78:
estne viris reliqui aliud,
Sall. Fragm. 187, 19:
aliud auxilii,
Tac. A. 5, 8:
aliud subsidii,
id. ib. 12, 46:
alia honorum,
id. ib. 1, 9:
alia sumptuum,
id. ib. 15, 15:
sunt alia quae magis timeam,
Cic. Phil. 5, 29: Facete is quidem, sicut alia, many other things, id. Fin. 1, 3, 7 Madv.:
haec aliaque,
Tac. H. 3, 51 al. —
Hence, alio die, t. t. of the soothsayer, when he wished the Comitia postponed to another day, on the pretence of unfavorable omens: quid gravius quam rem susceptam dirimi, si unus augur alio die dixerit?
Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31; id. Phil. 2, 33, 83 and 84 Wernsd. Perh. there is a reference to the same thing in Plaut. Poen. 2, 52: ita res divina mihi fuit: res serias omnes extollo ex hoc die in alium diem.—With aliquis, quisquam, or ullus implied (cf. aliqui, V. B., and aliquis, II. B.):
ut, etiam si aliud melius fuit, tamen legatorum reditum exspectetis,
Cic. Phil. 6, 6:
utar post alio, si invenero melius,
something else, id. Tusc. 1, 7, 14; so,
si in aliud tempus differetur,
Caes. B C. 1, 86:
an alium exspectamus?
Vulg. Matt. 11, 3; ib. Marc. 4, 36:
siti magis quam alia re accenditur,
Sall. J. 89, 5:
neque sex legiones alia de causa missas in Hispaniam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 85:
neque creatura alia poterit nos separare,
Vulg. Rom. 8, 39.
► Instances of the rare gen.
alius:
alius generis bestiae,
Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 123; Varr. L. L. 9, 40, 67 dub.:
alius ingenii,
Liv. 1, 56, 7 Madv. by conj.:
alius ordinis,
Amm. 30, 5, 10:
artificis aliusve,
Front. Controv. Agr. 2, 40, 27:
alius coloris,
Non. p. 450:
nomine vel ejus pro quo... aut alius qui, etc.,
Dig. 39, 2, 24, § 6; v. aliusmodi.—
B.
In comparisons, with atque, ac, or et, more rarely with nisi and quam; with the latter, in good class. authors, only when preceded by a neg. clause, or by an interrog. implying a neg.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 3, 3, 13; instead of quam, the comp. abl. or praeter, and similar words, sometimes appear, other than, different from, etc.
(α).
With atque, ac, or et:
illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35:
alium esse censes nunc me atque olim quom dabam?
Ter. And. 3, 3, 13:
potest non solum aliud mihi ac tibi, sed mihi ipsi aliud alias videri,
Cic. Or. 71, 237:
longe alia nobis ac tu scripseras nuntiantur,
id. Att. 11, 10:
res alio modo est ac putatur,
id. Inv. 2, 6, 21 B. and K.:
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum gerere coeperunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
non alius essem atque nunc sum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9:
longe aliam esse navigationem in concluso mari atque in vastissimo atque apertissimo Oceano perspiciebant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 9: aliud (se) esse facturum ac pronunciasset, Nep. Ages. 3, 4:
alia atque antea sentiret,
id. Hann. 2, 2:
lux longe alia est solis et lychnorum,
is very different, Cic. Cael. 28.—
(β).
With nisi or quam (the latter is suspicious in Cic.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 252; Orell. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75):
amare autem nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
nothing else than, only, Cic. Lael. 27, 100:
neque ulla fuit causa intermissionis epistularum nisi quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 13:
erat historia nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio,
id. de Or. 2, 12:
Quid est aliud tumultus nisi perturbatio tanta, ut, etc.?
id. Phil. 8, 3:
nihil aliud agerem, nisi eum, qui accusatus esset, defenderem,
id. Sull. 12; id. Att. 5, 10:
quid est aliud Gigantum modo bellare cum dis nisi naturae repugnare?
id. Sen. 2, 5; id. Sex. Rosc. 19, 54; id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25:
pinaster nihil aliud est quam pinus silvestris,
Plin. 16, 10; Nep. Arist. 2, 2; id. Paus. 1, 4:
Lysander nihil aliud molitus est quam ut omnes civitates in sua teneret potestate,
id. Lys. 1, 4:
neque aliud huic defuit quam generosa stirps,
id. Eum. 1, 2:
Nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine quam quod Illi marmoreum caput est, etc.,
Juv. 8, 54.—Hence, nihil aliud nisi or quam, = ouden allo ê, followed by finite verb, nothing else than, nothing but, only (after these words, fecit, factum est may be supplied, or the phraseology changed to nulla alia re facta; cf. Matth. Gr. 903; Hoogev. ad Vig. p. 475;
Kuhn. Gr. Gr. II. p. 825): tribunatus P. Sestii nihil aliud nisi meum nomen causamque sustinuit,
Cic. Sest. 6, 13:
ut nihil aliud nisi de hoste ac de laude cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; Liv. 2, 8:
et hostes quidem nihil aliud (i. e. nulla alia re facta) quam perfusis vano timore Romanis citato agmine abeunt,
id. 2, 63; 31, 24:
sed ab lictore nihil aliud quam prehendere prohibito, cum conversus in Patres impetus esset,
id. 2, 29:
ut domo abditus nihil aliud quam per edicta obnuntiaret,
Suet. Caes. 20:
mox nihil aliud quam vectabatur et deambulabat,
id. Aug. 83.—So, quid aliud quam? what other thing than? what else than? quibus quid aliud quam admonemus cives nos eorum esse, Liv. 4, 3:
quid aliud quam ad bellum vocabantur?
Flor. 3, 23 med.; so,
Quid Tullius? Anne aliud quam sidus?
Juv. 7, 199.—In affirmative-clauses rare, and only post-Aug.:
te alia omnia, quam quae velis, agere, moleste ferrem,
Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 2:
quod alium quam se cooptassent,
Suet. Ner. 2 al. —So, with the simple interrogative, quis alius? quid aliud? Qui, malum, alii? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10:
Quid te aliud sollicitat?
id. ib. 1, 2, 82:
Quid aliud tibi vis?
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 90:
Numquid vis aliud?
id. Eun. 1, 2, 111:
Sed quis nunc alius audet praeferre? etc.,
Juv. 12, 48:
Quid enim est aliud Antonius?
Cic. Phil. 2, 70:
Quid est aliud furere?
id. Pis. 47:
Quid est alia sinistra liberalitas?
Cat. 29, 15 al. —
(γ).
With comp. abl. (cf. in Gr. alla tôn dikaiôn, Xen. Mem. 4, 4, 25):
qui quaerit alia his, malum videtur quaerere,
other than, Plaut. Poen. prol. 22:
quod est aliud melle,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16: nec quidquam aliud libertate communi quaesisse, nothing else but, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2:
neve putes alium sapiente bonoque beatum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 20:
alius Lysippo,
id. ib. 2, 1, 240:
accusator alius Sejano,
Phaedr. 3, prol. 41.—
(δ).
With praeter:
nec nobis praeter me alius quisquam est servos Sosia,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 249:
nec quidquam aliud est philosophia praeter studium sapientiae,
Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5:
non est alius praeter eum,
Vulg. Marc. 12, 32:
rogavit numquid aliud ferret praeter arcam?
Cic. de Or. 2, 69:
Num quid igitur aliud in illis judiciis versatum est praeter hasce insidias?
id. Clu. 62:
nec jam tela alia habebant praeter gladios,
Liv. 38, 21, 5.—
(ε).
With extra (eccl. Lat.):
neque est alius extra te,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 2. 2; ib. Soph. 2, 15.—
(ζ).
With absque (eccl. Lat.):
non est alius Deus absque te,
Vulg. 1 Par. 17, 20.—
(η).
With praeterquam:
cum aliud, praeterquam de quo retulissent, decemviri dicere prohiberent,
Liv. 3, 40.
II.
Esp.
A.
In distributive-clauses repeated even several times, and also interchanged with non nulli, quidam, ceteri, pars, partim, etc., the one... the other; plur., some... others:
quid potes dicere cur alia defendas, alia non cures?
Cic. Phil. 2, 111:
latera tegentes alios, alios praegredientes amicos,
id. ib. 13, 4: cum alii fossas complerent, alii defensores vallo depellerent, Caes. B. G. 3, 25; id. B. C. 1, 55:
alii experimentorum notitiam necessariam esse contendunt, alii non satis potentem usum esse proponunt, Cels. prooem.: quae minus tuta erant, alia fossis, alia vallis, alia turribus muniebat,
Liv. 32, 5; so Vulg. Matt. 13, 5 sqq.; ib. 1 Cor. 12, 10; Cels. 3, 3, enumerating the different kinds of fever, repeats aliae seventeen times:
cum aliis Q. Frater legatus, aliis C. Pomptinus legatus, reliquis M. Anneius legatus etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8:
proferebant alii purpuram, tus alii, gemmas alii, vina non nulli Graeca,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146: alias bestias nantes, alias volucres, serpentes quasdam, quasdam esse gradientes; earum ipsarum partim solivagas, partim congregatas;
immanes alias, quasdam autem cicures, non nullas abditas,
id. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:
principes partim interfecerant, alios in exsilium ejecerant,
Nep. Pelop. 1, 4:
nos alii ibimus Afros, pars Scythiam veniemus,
Verg. E. 1, 65:
alii superstantes proeliarentur, pars occulti muros subruerent,
Tac. H. 4, 23.—Sometimes alius is omitted in one clause:
Helvetii ea spe dejecti navibus junctis, alii vadis Rhodani, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8:
Veientes ignari in partem praedae suae vocatos deos, alios votis ex urbe sua evocatos, etc.,
Liv. 5, 21; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114:
castra metari placuit, ut opus et alii proelium inciperent,
Tac. A. 1, 63.—Also with aliquis:
alia sunt tamquam sibi nata, ut oculi, ut aures: aliqua etiam ceterorum membrorum usum adjuvant,
Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63: [putat aliquis esse voluptatem bonum;
alius autem pecuniam],
id. Tusc. 5, 28, 60 B. and K.; cf. Goer. ad Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 20.—Sometimes aliud... aliud designate merely a distinction between two objects contrasted, one thing... another:
Numquam aliud natura, aliud sapientia dicit,
Juv. 14, 321:
Fuit tempus, quo alia adversa, alia secunda principi,
Plin. Pan. 72:
aliud est male dicere, aliud accusare,
Cic. Cael. 3; id. Lig. 16; Quint. 10, 1, 53:
aliud est servum esse, aliud servire,
id. 5, 10, 60 al.:
jam sciunt longe aliud esse virgines rapere, aliud pugnare cum viris,
Liv. 1, 12; cf. infra, e.—
B.
Alius repeated in another case, or with its derivatives, aliter, alias, alio, alibi, aliunde, etc. (but never with its derivatives in Tac.), in imitation of the Greek (cf. L. and S. s. v. allos, and Ochsn. Eclog. 110): simul alis alid aliunde rumitant inter se, Naev. ap. Fest. pp. 135 and 225; cf.
Bothe, Fragm. Comic. p. 25: alius alium percontamur, cuja est navis?
one another, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 46:
fallacia alia aliam trudit,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 40:
fecerunt alii quidem alia quam multa,
Cic. Phil. 3, 20, 6:
signa et ornamenta alia alio in loco intuebantur,
some in one place and some in another, id. Verr. 2. 1, 22:
alius in alia est re magis utilis,
id. Sex. Rosc. 111:
alius ex alia parte,
id. Verr. 1, 66:
dies alios alio dedit ordine Luna felicis operum,
Verg. G. 1, 276:
ut ipsi inter se alii aliis prodesse possent,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 1, 12, 33:
ideo multa conjecta sunt, aliud alio tempore,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7:
habes Sardos venales, alium alio nequiorem,
one worse than another, id. Fam. 7, 24: quo facto cum alius alii subsidium ferrent, one to another, Fr., l'un a
l'autre,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26 Herz.:
legiones aliae alia in parte resistunt,
id. ib. 2, 22:
alius alia causa illata,
id. ib. 1, 39:
cum ceteros alii alium alia de causa improbarent,
Suet. Vesp. 6:
alius alii subsidium ferunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26:
alius alio more viventes,
each in a different way, Sall. C. 6, 2:
alius alii tanti facinoris conscii,
id. ib. 22, 2; so id. ib. 52, 28; id. J. 53, 8; Curt. 10, 5, 16; Just. 15, 2:
alii autem aliud clamabant,
Vulg. Act. 19, 32:
illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus sentiunt,
now this, now that, Cic. de Or. 2, 7 fin.:
aliter ab aliis digeruntur,
id. ib. 2, 19; Vulg. 3 Reg. 22, 20:
equites alii alia dilapsi sunt,
some in this way, some in that, Liv. 44, 43:
cum alii alio mitterentur,
id. 7, 39: Alis alibi stantes, omnes tamen adversis volneribus conciderunt, Sall. ap. Charis. 2, p. 133:
jussit alios alibi fodere,
Liv. 44, 33; Vulg. Sap. 18, 18.—
C.
Alius ex alio, super alium, post alium, one after another; so often of the connection between ideas:
ut aliud ex alio incidit, occurrit, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:
aliud ex alio succurrit mihi,
Cic. Fragm. C. 12:
alid ex alio reficit natura,
Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 1305; 5, 1456: sed, [p. 91] ut aliud ex alio, mihi non est dubium, quin, etc., Cic. Att. 16, 14, Plin. Pan. 18, 1:
ex alio in aliud vicissitudo atque mutatio,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:
alias ex aliis nectendo moras,
Liv. 7, 39:
aliam ex alia prolem,
Verg. G. 3, 65; id. Cir. 364:
nos alia ex aliis in fata vocamur,
id. A. 3, 494:
quae impie per biennium alia super alia es ausus,
Liv. 3, 56; 23, 36:
aliud super aliud scelus,
id. 30, 26; Plin. Ep. 7, 8; Suet. Ner. 49:
deinde ab eo magistratu alium post alium sibi peperit,
Sall. J. 63, 5.—
D.
Alius atque alius or alius aliusque, the one and the other; now this, now that; different:
eadem res saepe aut probatur aut reicitur, alio atque alio elata verbo,
Cic. Or. 22, 72:
alio atque alio loco requiescere,
in different places, Sall. J. 72, 2:
inchoata res aliis atque aliis de causis dilata erat,
Liv. 8, 23:
aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2:
cum alia atque alia appetendo loca munirent,
Liv. 1, 8:
milites trans flumen aliis atque aliis locis traiciebant,
id. 2, 2:
luna alio atque alio loco exoritur,
Plin. 2, 10:
febres aliae aliaeque subinde oriuntur,
Cels. 3, 3:
cancer aliis aliisque signis discernitur,
id. 5, 26:
aliis atque aliis causis,
Suet. Aug. 97.—In Sall. also alius deinde alius or alius post alius:
saepe tentantes agros alia deinde alia loca petiverant, J. 18, 7: alias deinde alias morae causas facere,
id. ib. 36, 2:
aliis post aliis minitari,
id. ib. 55, 8.—
E.
Of another kind or nature, i. e. different; hence, alium facere, to make different, to change, transform; and alium fleri, to become different, to be wholly changed:
nunc haec dies aliam vitam affert, alios mores postulat,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 18 (aliam vitam pro diversam, contrariam, Don.):
alium nunc censes esse me atque olim cum dabam,
id. ib. 3, 3, 13:
Huic aliud mercedis erit,
Verg. E. 6, 26:
longe alia mihi mens est,
Sall. C. 52, 2:
Vos aliam potatis aquam,
Juv. 5, 52:
lectus non alius cuiquam,
id. 8, 178:
ensesque recondit mors alia,
Stat. Th. 7, 806:
ostensus est in alia effigie,
Vulg. Marc. 16, 12; ib. Rom. 7, 23; ib. Gal. 1, 6; ib. Jac. 2, 25:
alium fecisti me, alius ad te veneram,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 123: alius nunc fieri volo, id. Poen. prol. fin.:
homines alii facti sunt,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12:
mutaberis in virum alium,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 6; cf. supra, II. A. fin. —Hence, in alia omnia ire, transire, or discedere, sc. vota, to differ from the thing proposed; and in gen., to reject or oppose it, to go over to the opposite side: qui hoc censetis, illuc transite;
qui alia omnia, in hanc partem: his verbis praeit ominis videlicet causa, ne dicat: qui non censetis,
Fest. p. 221; Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 19:
frequens eum senatus reliquit et in alia omnia discessit,
Cic. Fam. 10, 12:
de tribus legatis frequentes ierunt in alia omnia,
id. ib. 1, 2 Manut.: cum prima M. Marcelli sententia pronunciata esset, frequens senatus in alia omnia iit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
discessionem faciente Marcello, senatus frequens in alia omnia transiit,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53: aliud or alias res agere, v. ago, II. 7.—
F.
Of that which remains of a whole, = reliquus, ceteri, the rest, the remainder:
Divitiaco ex aliis Gallis maximam fidem habebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 41:
inter primos atrox proelium fuit, alia multitudo terga vertit,
Liv. 7, 26:
vulgus aliud trucidatum,
id. 7, 19; 2, 23; so id. 24, 1:
legiones in testudinem glomerabantur et alii tela incutiebant,
Tac. H. 3, 31; id. A. 1, 30; 3, 42:
cum alios incessus hostis clausisset, unum reliquum aestas impediret,
id. ib. 6, 33 al.—
G.
Like alter, one of two, the other of two:
huic fuerunt filii nati duo, alium servus surpuit, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 8; cf. id. ib. arg. 2 and 9: eis genus, aetas, eloquentia prope aequalia fuere;
magnitudo animi par, item gloria, sed alia alii,
Sall. C. 54, 1 Kritz:
duo Romani super alium alius corruerunt,
one upon the other, Liv. 1, 25, 5:
ita duo deinceps reges, alius alia via, civitatem auxerunt,
each in a different way, id. 1, 21, 6; 24, 27:
marique alio Nicopolim ingressus,
Tac. A. 5, 10 ( Ionio, Halm); so,
alias partes fovere,
the other side, id. H. 1, 8.—Also in the enumeration of the parts of any thing:
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam Celtae,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1 Herz.:
classium item duo genera sunt: unum liburnarum, aliud lusoriarum,
Veg. 2, 1 (cf. in Gr. meinantes de tautên tên hêmeran, têi allêi eporeuonto, Xen. Anab. 3, 4, 1; and so the Vulg.: Alia die profecti, the next day, Act. 21, 8).—Hence, alius with a proper name used as an appell. (cf. alter):
ne quis alius Ariovistus regno Galliarum potiretur,
a second Ariovistus, Tac. H. 4, 73 fin.:
alius Nero,
Suet. Tit. 7.—
H.
A peculiar enhancement of the idea is produced by alius with a neg. and the comp.:
mulier, qua mulier alia nulla est pulchrior,
than whom no other woman is more beautiful, to whom no other woman is equal in beauty, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 100:
facinus, quo non fortius ausit alis,
Cat. 66, 28:
Fama malum qua non aliud velocius ullum,
Verg. A. 4, 174:
quo neque melius neque amplius aliud in natura mortalium est,
Sall. J. 2, 4:
quo non aliud atrocius visum,
Tac. A. 6, 24:
(Sulla) neque consilio neque manu priorem alium pati,
Sall. J. 96, 3:
neque majus aliud neque praestabilius invenias,
id. ib. 1, 2; Liv. 1, 24:
non alia ante Romana pugna atrocior fuit,
id. 1, 27; 2, 31; Tac. A. 6, 7 al.; cf. under aliter, 2. b. z.—Hence the advv.
A.
ălĭō, adv. (an old dat. form, designating direction to a place; cf.: eo, quo), elsewhither (arch.), elsewhere, to another place, person, or thing, allose (class., esp. among poets; but not found in Lucr. or Juv.).
1.
In gen.
a.
Of place:
fortasse tu profectus alio fueras,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 49:
ut ab Norba alio traducerentur,
Liv. 32, 2:
translatos alio maerebis amores,
Hor. Epod. 15, 23:
decurrens alio,
id. S. 2, 1, 32:
nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, Si te alio pravum detorseris,
id. ib. 2, 2, 55.—With quo:
Arpinumne mihi eundum sit, an quo alio,
to some other place, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
si quando Romam aliove quo mitterent legatos,
Liv. 38, 30. —
b.
Of persons or things (cf. alias, alibi, alicunde, etc.):
illi suum animum alio conferunt,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 10 (cf. Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62:
ne ad illam me animum adjecisse sentiat): ne quando iratus tu alio conferas,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 60 Don.:
hi narrata ferunt alio,
Ov. M. 12, 57: tamen vocat me alio ( to another subject) jam dudum tacita vestra exspectatio, Cic. Clu. 23, 63; id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139:
sed, si placet, sermonem alio transferamus,
id. de Or. 1, 29, 133:
quoniam alio properare tempus monet,
Sall. J. 19, 2; so Tac. A. 1, 18 al.—
c.
Of purpose or design:
appellet haec desideria naturae: cupiditatis nomen servet alio,
for another purpose, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27:
hoc longe alio spectabat,
looked quite elsewhere, had a far different design, Nep. Them. 6, 3.—
2.
a.. Alio... alio, in one way... in another; hither... thither, = huc... illuc:
hic (i. e. in ea re) alio res familiaris, alio ducit humanitas,
Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: alio atque alio, in one way and another:
nihil alio atque alio spargitur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 2.—
b.
Alius alio, each in a different way, one in one way, another in another:
et ceteri quidem alius alio,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:
aliud alio dissipavit,
id. Div. 1, 34, 76; so Liv. 2, 54, 9; 7, 39.—So, aliunde alio, from one place to another:
quassatione terrae aliunde alio (aquae) transferuntur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 11, 1; cf. aliunde.—
c.
Like alius or aliter with a negative and the particles of comparison quam or atque;
in questions with nisi: plebem nusquam alio natam quam ad serviendum,
for nothing but, Liv. 7, 18, 7: non alio datam summam quam in emptionem, etc., * Suet. Aug. 98 Ruhnk.:
quo alio nisi ad nos confugerent?
Liv. 39, 36, 11; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 232-234.—
B.
ălĭā, adv. (sc. via), in another way, in a different manner (in the whole ante-class. and class. per. dub.); for in Plaut. Rud. prol. 10, aliuta has been proposed; in Lucr. 6, 986, Lachm. reads alio; in Liv. 21, 56, 2, Weissenb. alibi; and in id. 44, 43, 2, via may be supplied from the preced. context; certain only in Don. ad Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 5; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 219.—
C.
ălĭās, adv. (acc. to Prisc. 1014 P., and Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 769, an acc. form like foras; but acc. to Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 5, 57, and Hab. Syn. 79, old gen. like paterfamili as, Alcmen as, etc. In the ante-class. per. rare; only once in Plaut., twice in Ter., twice in Varro; in the class. per. most freq. in Cic., but only three times in his orations; also in Plin.).
1.
Of time, at a time other than the present, whether it be in the past or (more freq.) in the future.
a.
At another time, at other times, on another occasion (alias: temporis adverbium, quod Graeci allote, aliter allôs, Capitol. Orth. 2242 P.; cf.
Herz. and Hab., as cited above): alias ut uti possim causa hac integra,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 4; so id. And. 3, 2, 49 (alias = alio tempore, Don.):
sed alias jocabimur,
Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:
sed plura scribemus alias,
id. ib. 7, 6:
et alias et in consulatus petitione vinci,
id. Planc. 18:
nil oriturum alias,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 17.—In the future, freq. in contrast with nunc, in praesentia, tum, hactenus:
recte secusne, alias viderimus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 135:
Hactenus haec: alias justum sit necne poema, Nunc, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 63: sed haec alias pluribus;
nunc, etc.,
Cic. Div. 2, 2 fin.; Liv. 44, 36 fin.: quare placeat, alias ostendemus; in praesentia, etc., Auct. ad Her. 3, 16, 28.—In the past:
gubernatores alias imperare soliti, tum metu mortis jussa exsequebantur,
Curt. 4, 3, 18:
alias bellare inter se solitos, tunc periculi societas junxerat,
id. 9, 4, 15.—Freq. with advv. of time;
as numquam, umquam, and the like: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, aut etiam si numquam alias fuimus, tum profecto, etc.,
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 2:
consilio numquam alias dato,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 45:
numquam ante alias,
Liv. 2, 22, 7:
non umquam alias ante tantus terror senatum invasit,
id. 2, 9, 5; 1, 28, 4:
si quando umquam ante alias,
id. 32, 5 (where the four advv. of time are to be taken together):
Saturnalibus et si quando alias libuisset, modo munera dividebat,
Suet. Aug. 75.—
b.
Alias... alias, as in Gr. allote... allote; allote men... allote de, at one time... at another; once... another time; sometimes... sometimes; now... now:
Alias me poscit pro illa triginta minas, Alias talentum magnum,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 63; so Varr. L. L. 8, § 76 Mull.; id. R. R. 2, 1, 15; Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 120:
nec potest quisquam alias beatus esse, alias miser,
id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:
contentius alias, alias summissius,
id. de Or. 3, 55, 212:
cum alias bellum inferrent, alias inlatum defenderent,
Caes. B. G. 2, 29; so id. ib. 5, 57 al.; it occurs four times in successive clauses in Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 99.—Sometimes plerumque, saepe, aliquando, interdum stand in corresponding clauses:
nec umquam sine usura reddit (terra), quod accepit, sed alias minore, plerumque majore cum foenore,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:
geminatio verborum habet interdum vim, leporem alias,
id. de Or. 3, 54, 206:
hoc alias fastidio, alias contumacia, saepius imbecillitate, evenit,
Plin. 16, 32, 58, § 134; 7, 15, 13, § 63.—Sometimes one alias is omitted:
illi eruptione tentata alias cuniculis ad aggerem actis, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 3, 21; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13.—
c.
Alias aliter, alias alius, etc. (cf. alius), at one time in one way... at another in another; now so... now otherwise; now this... now that:
et alias aliter haec in utramque partem causae solent convenire,
Cic. Inv. 2, 13, 45:
alii enim sunt, alias nostrique familiares fere demortui,
id. Att. 16, 11 (Madv. interprets this of time):
illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus judicant,
id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Or. 59, 200:
(deos) non semper eosdem atque alias alios solemus venerari,
id. Red. in Sen. 30:
ut iidem versus alias in aliam rem posse accommodari viderentur,
id. Div. 2, 54, 111.—
d.
Saepe alias or alias saepe... nunc, nuper, quondam, etc.;
also: cum saepe alias... tum, etc. (very common in Cic.): quod cum saepe alias tum nuper, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 7:
fecimus et alias saepe et nuper in Tusculano,
id. ib. 5, 4, 11:
quibus de rebus et alias saepe... et quondam in Hortensii villa,
id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:
quorum pater et saepe alias et maxime censor saluti rei publicae fuit,
id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:
cum saepe alias, tum apud centumviros,
id. Brut. 39, 144:
cum saepe alias, tum Pyrrhi bello,
id. Off. 3, 22, 86; 3, 11, 47:
neque tum solum, sed saepe alias,
Nep. Hann. 11, 7.—In comparative sentences rare:
nunc tamen libentius quam saepe alias,
Symm. Ep. 1, 90.—So,
e.
Semper alias, always at other times or in other cases (apparently only post-Aug.): et super cenam autem et semper alias communissimus, multa joco transigebat. Suet. Vesp. 22; id. Tib. 18; Gell. 15, 1.—
f.
Raro alias, rarely at other times, on other occasions:
ut raro alias quisquam tanto favore est auditus,
Liv. 45, 20; 3, 69; Tac. H. 1, 89.—
g.
Non alias, at no other time, never, = numquam (a choice poet. expression, often imitated by [p. 92] the histt.):
non alias caelo ceciderunt plura sereno Fulgura,
never at any other time did so much lightning fall from a clear sky, Verg. G. 1, 487:
non alias militi familiarior dux fuit,
Liv. 7, 33; 45, 7:
non alias majore mole concursum,
Tac. A. 2, 46; 4. 69;
11, 31: non sane alias exercitatior Britannia fuit,
id. Agr. 5:
haud alias intentior populus plus vocis permisit,
id. A. 3, 11, and 15, 46; Suet. Tit. 8; Flor. 3, 6.—
2.
Of place, at another place, elsewhere; or in respect of other things, in other circumstances, otherwise (only post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7):
Idaeus rubus appellatus est, quoniam in Ida, non alias, nascitur,
Plin. 24, 14, 75, § 123 (Jan, alius): nusquam alias tam torrens fretum, * Just. 4, 1, 9:
sicut vir alias doctissimus Cornutus existimat,
Macr. S. 5, 19.—
3.
Alias for alioqui (only post-Aug.), to indicate that something is in a different condition in one instance, not in others, except that, for the rest, otherwise:
in Silaro non virgulta modo immersa, verum et folia lapidescunt, alias salubri potu ejus aquae,
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; so id. 18, 6, 7, § 37; 19, 8, 48, § 163; 25, 2, 6, § 16 al.—
4.
Non alias quam, for no other reason, on no other condition, in no other circumstances than, not other than; and non alias nisi, on no other condition, not otherwise, except (prob. taken from the lang. of common life):
non alias magis indoluisse Caesarem ferunt quam quod, etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 73:
debilitatum vulnere jacuisse non alias quam simulatione mortis tutiorem,
by nothing safer than by feigning death, Curt. 8, 1, 24; 8, 14, 16; Dig. 29, 7, 6, § 2: non alias ( on no other condition) existet heres ex substitutione nisi, etc., ib. 28, 6, 8; 23, 3, 37, 23, 3, 29.—
5.
Alias like aliter, in another manner; flrst in the Lat. of the jurists (cf. Suet. Tib. 71 Oud.; Liv. 21, 56, 2 Drak.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 49 Ruhnk.), Dig. 33, 8, 8, § 8; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 219-227. —
D.
ălĭtĕr, adv. [alis; v. alius init. ], otherwise, in another manner, allôs.
1.
With comparative-clause expressed; constr. both affirm. and neg. without distinction.
a.
With atque, ac, quam, and rarely ut, otherwise than, different from what, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23:
sed aliter atque ostenderam facio,
Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 4; Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 6:
aliter ac nos vellemus,
Cic. Mil. 9, 23:
de quo tu aliter sentias atque ego,
id. Fin. 4, 22, 60; id. Att. 6, 3:
si aliter nos faciant quam aequum est,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 42:
si aliter quippiam coacti faciant quam libere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29; id. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 24; id. Inv. 2, 22, 66:
Sed si aliter ut dixi accidisset, qui possem queri?
id. Rep. 1, 4, 7.—
b.
Non (or haud) aliter, not otherwise (per litoten), = just as; with quam si, ac si, quam cum, quam, exactly, just as if:
Non aliter quam si ruat omnis Karthago,
Verg. A. 4, 669:
dividor haud aliter quam si mea membra relinquam,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 73:
nihil in senatu actum aliter quam si, etc.,
Liv. 23, 4; 21, 63, 9:
illi negabant se aliter ituros quam si, etc.,
id. 3, 51, 12:
nec aliter quam si mihi tradatur, etc., Quint. prooem. 5: ut non aliter ratio constet quam si uni reddatur,
Tac. A. 1, 6; 1, 49:
Non aliter quam si fecisset Juno maritum Insanum,
Juv. 6, 619; Suet. Aug. 40:
non aliter quam cum, etc.,
Ov. F. 2, 209; so id. M. 2, 623; 4, 348; 6, 516 al.:
nec scripsi aliter ac si, etc.,
Cic. Att. 13, 51; Suet. Oth. 6; Col. 2, 14 (15), 8:
Non aliter quam qui lembum subigit,
Verg. G. 1, 201:
non aliter praeformidat quam qui ferrum medici, priusquam curetur, aspexit,
Quint. 4, 5, 5; so id. 4, 5, 22; 2, 5, 11:
neque aliter quam ii, qui traduntur, etc.,
id. 5, 8, 1:
patere inde aliquid decrescere, non aliter quam Institor hibernae tegetis,
Juv. 7, 220:
successorem non aliter quam indicium mortis accepturum,
Tac. A. 6, 30.—
* c.
Aliter ab aliquo (analog. to alius with the abl., and alienus with ab), differently from any one:
cultores regionum multo aliter a ceteris agunt,
Mel. 1, 9, 6.—
d.
Non ali ter nisi, by no other means, on no other condition, not otherwise, except:
qui aliter obsistere fato fatetur se non potuisse, nisi etc.,
Cic. Fat. 20, 48; id. Fam. 1, 9: non pati C. Caesarem consulem aliter fieri, nisi exercitum et provincias tradiderit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14; so Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 18; Liv. 35, 39; 45, 11; 38; Tac. Or. 32; Just. 12, 14, 7; Suet. Ner. 36; Dig. 37, 9, 6; 48, 18, 9. —
e.
Non aliter quam ut, on no other condition than that:
neque aliter poterit palos, ad quos perducitur, pertingere, quam ut diffluat,
Col. Arb. 7, 5; so Suet. Tib. 15; 24; id. Galb. 8; Curt. 9, 5, 23.—
2.
Without a comparative clause expressed.
a.
In gen., otherwise, in another manner, in other respects; and in the poets: haud aliter (per litoten), just so:
vale atque salve, etsi aliter ut dicam meres,
though you deserve that I speak differently, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 86 Brix:
tu si aliter existimes, nihil errabis,
Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 16:
ut eadem ab utrisque dicantur, aliter dicuntur,
in a different sense, Plin. Pan. 72, 7:
Si quis aliter docet,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 6, 3:
quae aliter se habent,
ib. ib. 5, 25:
Quippe aliter tunc vivebant homines,
Juv. 6, 11: quod uterque nostrum his etiam ex studiis notus, quibus aliter ignotus est, otherwise, i. e. personally, unknown, Plin. Ep. 9, 23, 3.—With negatives:
non fuit faciendum aliter,
Cic. Att. 6, 9; Tac. A. 15, 68:
Ergo non aliter poterit dormire?
Juv. 3, 281:
aliter haud facile eos ad tantum negotium impelli posse,
Sall. C. 44, 1; Curt. 8, 10, 27:
haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti Ignescunt irae (the comparison of the wolf precedes),
Verg. A. 9, 65:
haud aliter (i. e. like a wild beast) juvenis medios moriturus in hostes Irruit,
id. ib. 9, 554 al.; Ov. M. 8, 473; 9, 642:
non aliter (i. e. than I) Samio dicunt arsisse Bathyllo Anacreonta Teium,
Hor. Epod. 14, 10:
neque Mordaces aliter (i. e. than by means of wine) diffugiunt sollicitudines,
id. C. 1, 18, 4:
neque exercitum Romanum aliter transmissurum,
Tac. H. 5, 19:
nec aliter expiari potest,
Vulg. Num. 35, 33. —So, fieri aliter non potest or fieri non potest aliter (not fieri non aliter potest): nihil agis;
Fieri aliter non potest,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 13: assentior;
fieri non potuit aliter,
Cic. Att. 6, 6.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
Pregn., otherwise, in the contrary manner: Pe. Servos Epidicus dixit mihi. Ph. Quid si servo aliter visum est? i. e. if he does not speak the truth? Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 29:
verum aliter evenire multo intellegit,
Ter. And. prol. 4 (aliter autem contra significat, Don.):
amplis cornibus et nigris potius quam aliter,
Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 1: ne aliter quid eveniat, providere de cet, otherwise than harmoniously, Sall. J. 10, 7:
dis aliter visum,
Verg. A. 2, 428:
sin aliter tibi videtur,
Vulg. Num. 11, 15: adversi... saevaque circuitu curvantem bracchia longo Scorpion atque aliter ( in the opposite direction) curvantem bracchia Cancrum, Ov. M. 2, 83: aliterque ( and in the opposite course) secante jam pelagus rostro, Luc. 8, 197.—Hence, qui aliter fecerit, who will not do that:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat, neve cum populo agat: qui aliter fecerit, etc.,
Sall. C. 51, 43; Just. 6, 6, 1; cf. Brisson. de Form. p. 200, and de Verb. Signif. p. 66.—
(β).
Aliter esse, to be of a different nature, differently constituted or disposed:
sed longe aliter est amicus atque amator,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 70: ego hunc esse aliter credidi: iste me fefellit;
ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 44; id. Ad. 3, 4, 46; Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137.—
(γ).
For alioqui (q. v. II. C.), otherwise, else, in any other case:
jus enim semper est quaesitum aequabile: neque enim aliter esset jus (and just after: nam aliter justitia non esset),
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42; 1, 39, 139; id. Lael. 20, 74:
si suos legatos recipere vellent, quos Athenas miserant, se remitterent, aliter illos numquam in patriam essent recepturi,
Nep. Them. 7 fin.:
aliter sine populi jussu nulli earum rerum consuli jus est,
Sall. C. 29, 3 Kritz:
aliter non viribus ullis Vincere poteris,
Verg. A. 6, 147:
veniam ostentantes, si praesentia sequerentur: aliter nihil spei,
Tac. H. 4, 59:
quoniam aliter non possem,
Vulg. Sap. 8, 21.—
(δ).
Like alius (q. v. II. A.) repeated even several times in a distributive manner, in one way... in another: sed aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; so id. ib. 1, 12, 38; id. Lael. 24, 89; id. Fam. 15, 21, 6:
aliter utimur propriis, aliter commodatis,
Tac. Or. 32:
Aliter catuli longe olent, aliter sues,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 9:
aliter Diodoro, aliter Philoni, Chrysippo aliter placet,
id. Ac. 2, 47, 143:
idem illud aliter Caesar, aliter Cicero, aliter Cato suadere debebit,
Quint. 3, 8, 49: Et aliter acutis morbis medendum, aliter vetustis; aliter increscentibus, aliter subsistentibus, aliter jam ad sanitatem inclinatis, Cels. prooem. p. 10.—
(ε).
With alius or its derivatives, one in one way, another in another (v. alius, II. B.):
quoniam aliter ab aliis digeruntur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; id. Att. 7, 8; Liv. 2, 21; so id. 39, 53:
hoc ex locorum occasione aliter alibi decernitur,
Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; so id. 25, 4, 10, § 29.—
(ζ).
Non aliter, analog. to non alius (v. alius, II. H.) with a comp. (only in Plin.):
non aliter utilius id fieri putare quam, etc.,
Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 28:
idque non aliter clarius intellegi potest,
id. 37, 4, 15, § 59; so id. 22, 22, 36, § 78; 24, 11, 50, § 85; 28, 9, 41, § 148; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 267-276.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Alius
19 alius

1.
Ālĭus (better Ālĕus), a, um, adj., = Elius (v. Alis and Elis), Elian; subst., a native of Elis, a town in Achaia (only a few times in Plaut. Capt.):
postquam belligerant Aetoli cum Aleis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 24; 27; 2, 2, 30.
2.
ălĭus, a, ud, adj. and subst. (old form, alis, alid, after the analogy of quis, quid:
alis rare,
Cat. 66, 28; Sall. ap. Charis, 2, p. 133; Inscr. Orell. 2488:
alid more freq.,
Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 257; 5, 1305; 5, 1456; Cat. 29, 15; cf. Prisc. 13, p. 959.— Gen. sing. masc.: alius, rare, and not used by Tac.; for which alterius is com. used (v. alter); also alii, Cato and Licin. ap. Prisc. 194 P.; Varr. R. R. 1, 2.— Fem. gen.:
aliae,
Lucr. 3, 918; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30; Liv. 24, 27, 8; Gell. 2, 28, 1; Capito ap. Gell. 4, 10, 8.— Masc. dat.:
ali,
Lucr. 6, 1226:
alio,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 13. — Fem. dat.:
aliae,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 207; Gell. 9, 4, 8) [cf. allos; Osc. allo ( nom. sing. fem.); Goth. alis; Erse, aile; O. H. Germ. alles, elles ( conj.); Engl. else], another, [p. 90] other (i. e. of many, whereas alter is one of two, v. exceptt. under II. G.); freq. with the indef. pronn. aliquis, quis, aliqui, qui, quidam, and the interrog. quis, qui, etc.
I.
A.. In gen.:
eorum sectam sequuntur multi mortales... multi alii ex Troja strenui viri,
Naev. Bell. Pun. 1, 16:
alios multos,
Vulg. Matt. 15, 30; ib. Marc. 7, 4:
plures alios,
ib. ib. 12, 5:
cum aliis pluribus,
ib. Act. 15, 35:
an ita dissolvit, ut omnes alii dissolverunt?
Cic. Font. 1; Tac. H. 5, 5:
dum aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:
nec nobis praeter med alius quisquam est servos Sosia,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 244:
nec quisquam alius affuit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 269:
panem vel aliud quidquam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 3, 35. utrum hanc actionem habebis an aliam quampiam; Cic. Caecin. 37:
quidquid aliud dare,
Vulg. Lev. 22, 25:
ALIS NE POTESTO,
Inscr. Orell. 2488:
datum Mi esse ab dis aliis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 12:
adulescentulo in alio occupato amore,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:
aut aliae cujus desiderium insideat rei,
Lucr. 3, 918:
ne quam aliam quaerat copiam,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 54:
nisi quid pater ait aliud,
id. And. 5, 4, 47:
si verum est, Q. Fabium Labeonem seu quem alium arbitrum a senatu datum, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33:
quodcumque alid auget,
Lucr. 5, 257:
Est alius quidam, parasitaster paululus,
Ter. Ad. 5. 2, 4; so Vulg. Luc. 22, 59:
tuo (judicio) stabis, si aliud quoddam est tuum,
Cic. Or. 71, 237:
L. Aemilius alius vir erat,
Liv. 44, 18:
Genus ecce aliud discriminis audi,
Juv. 12, 24:
alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit,
Cic. Verr. 5, 117; Tac. Agr. 39:
nemo alius,
Cic. Pis. 94; Vulg. Joan. 15, 24:
alius nemo,
Cic. Quinct. 76:
plus alimenti est in pane quam in ullo alio,
Cels. 2, 18:
aliud esse causae suspicamur,
Cic. Fl. 39:
Anne aliud tunc praefecti?
Juv. 4, 78:
estne viris reliqui aliud,
Sall. Fragm. 187, 19:
aliud auxilii,
Tac. A. 5, 8:
aliud subsidii,
id. ib. 12, 46:
alia honorum,
id. ib. 1, 9:
alia sumptuum,
id. ib. 15, 15:
sunt alia quae magis timeam,
Cic. Phil. 5, 29: Facete is quidem, sicut alia, many other things, id. Fin. 1, 3, 7 Madv.:
haec aliaque,
Tac. H. 3, 51 al. —
Hence, alio die, t. t. of the soothsayer, when he wished the Comitia postponed to another day, on the pretence of unfavorable omens: quid gravius quam rem susceptam dirimi, si unus augur alio die dixerit?
Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 31; id. Phil. 2, 33, 83 and 84 Wernsd. Perh. there is a reference to the same thing in Plaut. Poen. 2, 52: ita res divina mihi fuit: res serias omnes extollo ex hoc die in alium diem.—With aliquis, quisquam, or ullus implied (cf. aliqui, V. B., and aliquis, II. B.):
ut, etiam si aliud melius fuit, tamen legatorum reditum exspectetis,
Cic. Phil. 6, 6:
utar post alio, si invenero melius,
something else, id. Tusc. 1, 7, 14; so,
si in aliud tempus differetur,
Caes. B C. 1, 86:
an alium exspectamus?
Vulg. Matt. 11, 3; ib. Marc. 4, 36:
siti magis quam alia re accenditur,
Sall. J. 89, 5:
neque sex legiones alia de causa missas in Hispaniam,
Caes. B. C. 1, 85:
neque creatura alia poterit nos separare,
Vulg. Rom. 8, 39.
► Instances of the rare gen.
alius:
alius generis bestiae,
Cic. N. D. 2, 48, 123; Varr. L. L. 9, 40, 67 dub.:
alius ingenii,
Liv. 1, 56, 7 Madv. by conj.:
alius ordinis,
Amm. 30, 5, 10:
artificis aliusve,
Front. Controv. Agr. 2, 40, 27:
alius coloris,
Non. p. 450:
nomine vel ejus pro quo... aut alius qui, etc.,
Dig. 39, 2, 24, § 6; v. aliusmodi.—
B.
In comparisons, with atque, ac, or et, more rarely with nisi and quam; with the latter, in good class. authors, only when preceded by a neg. clause, or by an interrog. implying a neg.; cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 3, 3, 13; instead of quam, the comp. abl. or praeter, and similar words, sometimes appear, other than, different from, etc.
(α).
With atque, ac, or et:
illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35:
alium esse censes nunc me atque olim quom dabam?
Ter. And. 3, 3, 13:
potest non solum aliud mihi ac tibi, sed mihi ipsi aliud alias videri,
Cic. Or. 71, 237:
longe alia nobis ac tu scripseras nuntiantur,
id. Att. 11, 10:
res alio modo est ac putatur,
id. Inv. 2, 6, 21 B. and K.:
qui longe alia ratione ac reliqui Galli bellum gerere coeperunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
non alius essem atque nunc sum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9:
longe aliam esse navigationem in concluso mari atque in vastissimo atque apertissimo Oceano perspiciebant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 9: aliud (se) esse facturum ac pronunciasset, Nep. Ages. 3, 4:
alia atque antea sentiret,
id. Hann. 2, 2:
lux longe alia est solis et lychnorum,
is very different, Cic. Cael. 28.—
(β).
With nisi or quam (the latter is suspicious in Cic.; cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 252; Orell. ad Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75):
amare autem nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
nothing else than, only, Cic. Lael. 27, 100:
neque ulla fuit causa intermissionis epistularum nisi quod, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 13:
erat historia nihil aliud nisi annalium confectio,
id. de Or. 2, 12:
Quid est aliud tumultus nisi perturbatio tanta, ut, etc.?
id. Phil. 8, 3:
nihil aliud agerem, nisi eum, qui accusatus esset, defenderem,
id. Sull. 12; id. Att. 5, 10:
quid est aliud Gigantum modo bellare cum dis nisi naturae repugnare?
id. Sen. 2, 5; id. Sex. Rosc. 19, 54; id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; id. Leg. 1, 8, 25:
pinaster nihil aliud est quam pinus silvestris,
Plin. 16, 10; Nep. Arist. 2, 2; id. Paus. 1, 4:
Lysander nihil aliud molitus est quam ut omnes civitates in sua teneret potestate,
id. Lys. 1, 4:
neque aliud huic defuit quam generosa stirps,
id. Eum. 1, 2:
Nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine quam quod Illi marmoreum caput est, etc.,
Juv. 8, 54.—Hence, nihil aliud nisi or quam, = ouden allo ê, followed by finite verb, nothing else than, nothing but, only (after these words, fecit, factum est may be supplied, or the phraseology changed to nulla alia re facta; cf. Matth. Gr. 903; Hoogev. ad Vig. p. 475;
Kuhn. Gr. Gr. II. p. 825): tribunatus P. Sestii nihil aliud nisi meum nomen causamque sustinuit,
Cic. Sest. 6, 13:
ut nihil aliud nisi de hoste ac de laude cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64; Liv. 2, 8:
et hostes quidem nihil aliud (i. e. nulla alia re facta) quam perfusis vano timore Romanis citato agmine abeunt,
id. 2, 63; 31, 24:
sed ab lictore nihil aliud quam prehendere prohibito, cum conversus in Patres impetus esset,
id. 2, 29:
ut domo abditus nihil aliud quam per edicta obnuntiaret,
Suet. Caes. 20:
mox nihil aliud quam vectabatur et deambulabat,
id. Aug. 83.—So, quid aliud quam? what other thing than? what else than? quibus quid aliud quam admonemus cives nos eorum esse, Liv. 4, 3:
quid aliud quam ad bellum vocabantur?
Flor. 3, 23 med.; so,
Quid Tullius? Anne aliud quam sidus?
Juv. 7, 199.—In affirmative-clauses rare, and only post-Aug.:
te alia omnia, quam quae velis, agere, moleste ferrem,
Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 2:
quod alium quam se cooptassent,
Suet. Ner. 2 al. —So, with the simple interrogative, quis alius? quid aliud? Qui, malum, alii? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10:
Quid te aliud sollicitat?
id. ib. 1, 2, 82:
Quid aliud tibi vis?
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 90:
Numquid vis aliud?
id. Eun. 1, 2, 111:
Sed quis nunc alius audet praeferre? etc.,
Juv. 12, 48:
Quid enim est aliud Antonius?
Cic. Phil. 2, 70:
Quid est aliud furere?
id. Pis. 47:
Quid est alia sinistra liberalitas?
Cat. 29, 15 al. —
(γ).
With comp. abl. (cf. in Gr. alla tôn dikaiôn, Xen. Mem. 4, 4, 25):
qui quaerit alia his, malum videtur quaerere,
other than, Plaut. Poen. prol. 22:
quod est aliud melle,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16: nec quidquam aliud libertate communi quaesisse, nothing else but, Brut. et Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 2:
neve putes alium sapiente bonoque beatum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 20:
alius Lysippo,
id. ib. 2, 1, 240:
accusator alius Sejano,
Phaedr. 3, prol. 41.—
(δ).
With praeter:
nec nobis praeter me alius quisquam est servos Sosia,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 249:
nec quidquam aliud est philosophia praeter studium sapientiae,
Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5:
non est alius praeter eum,
Vulg. Marc. 12, 32:
rogavit numquid aliud ferret praeter arcam?
Cic. de Or. 2, 69:
Num quid igitur aliud in illis judiciis versatum est praeter hasce insidias?
id. Clu. 62:
nec jam tela alia habebant praeter gladios,
Liv. 38, 21, 5.—
(ε).
With extra (eccl. Lat.):
neque est alius extra te,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 2. 2; ib. Soph. 2, 15.—
(ζ).
With absque (eccl. Lat.):
non est alius Deus absque te,
Vulg. 1 Par. 17, 20.—
(η).
With praeterquam:
cum aliud, praeterquam de quo retulissent, decemviri dicere prohiberent,
Liv. 3, 40.
II.
Esp.
A.
In distributive-clauses repeated even several times, and also interchanged with non nulli, quidam, ceteri, pars, partim, etc., the one... the other; plur., some... others:
quid potes dicere cur alia defendas, alia non cures?
Cic. Phil. 2, 111:
latera tegentes alios, alios praegredientes amicos,
id. ib. 13, 4: cum alii fossas complerent, alii defensores vallo depellerent, Caes. B. G. 3, 25; id. B. C. 1, 55:
alii experimentorum notitiam necessariam esse contendunt, alii non satis potentem usum esse proponunt, Cels. prooem.: quae minus tuta erant, alia fossis, alia vallis, alia turribus muniebat,
Liv. 32, 5; so Vulg. Matt. 13, 5 sqq.; ib. 1 Cor. 12, 10; Cels. 3, 3, enumerating the different kinds of fever, repeats aliae seventeen times:
cum aliis Q. Frater legatus, aliis C. Pomptinus legatus, reliquis M. Anneius legatus etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8:
proferebant alii purpuram, tus alii, gemmas alii, vina non nulli Graeca,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146: alias bestias nantes, alias volucres, serpentes quasdam, quasdam esse gradientes; earum ipsarum partim solivagas, partim congregatas;
immanes alias, quasdam autem cicures, non nullas abditas,
id. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:
principes partim interfecerant, alios in exsilium ejecerant,
Nep. Pelop. 1, 4:
nos alii ibimus Afros, pars Scythiam veniemus,
Verg. E. 1, 65:
alii superstantes proeliarentur, pars occulti muros subruerent,
Tac. H. 4, 23.—Sometimes alius is omitted in one clause:
Helvetii ea spe dejecti navibus junctis, alii vadis Rhodani, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8:
Veientes ignari in partem praedae suae vocatos deos, alios votis ex urbe sua evocatos, etc.,
Liv. 5, 21; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114:
castra metari placuit, ut opus et alii proelium inciperent,
Tac. A. 1, 63.—Also with aliquis:
alia sunt tamquam sibi nata, ut oculi, ut aures: aliqua etiam ceterorum membrorum usum adjuvant,
Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63: [putat aliquis esse voluptatem bonum;
alius autem pecuniam],
id. Tusc. 5, 28, 60 B. and K.; cf. Goer. ad Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 20.—Sometimes aliud... aliud designate merely a distinction between two objects contrasted, one thing... another:
Numquam aliud natura, aliud sapientia dicit,
Juv. 14, 321:
Fuit tempus, quo alia adversa, alia secunda principi,
Plin. Pan. 72:
aliud est male dicere, aliud accusare,
Cic. Cael. 3; id. Lig. 16; Quint. 10, 1, 53:
aliud est servum esse, aliud servire,
id. 5, 10, 60 al.:
jam sciunt longe aliud esse virgines rapere, aliud pugnare cum viris,
Liv. 1, 12; cf. infra, e.—
B.
Alius repeated in another case, or with its derivatives, aliter, alias, alio, alibi, aliunde, etc. (but never with its derivatives in Tac.), in imitation of the Greek (cf. L. and S. s. v. allos, and Ochsn. Eclog. 110): simul alis alid aliunde rumitant inter se, Naev. ap. Fest. pp. 135 and 225; cf.
Bothe, Fragm. Comic. p. 25: alius alium percontamur, cuja est navis?
one another, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 46:
fallacia alia aliam trudit,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 40:
fecerunt alii quidem alia quam multa,
Cic. Phil. 3, 20, 6:
signa et ornamenta alia alio in loco intuebantur,
some in one place and some in another, id. Verr. 2. 1, 22:
alius in alia est re magis utilis,
id. Sex. Rosc. 111:
alius ex alia parte,
id. Verr. 1, 66:
dies alios alio dedit ordine Luna felicis operum,
Verg. G. 1, 276:
ut ipsi inter se alii aliis prodesse possent,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 1, 12, 33:
ideo multa conjecta sunt, aliud alio tempore,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7:
habes Sardos venales, alium alio nequiorem,
one worse than another, id. Fam. 7, 24: quo facto cum alius alii subsidium ferrent, one to another, Fr., l'un a
l'autre,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26 Herz.:
legiones aliae alia in parte resistunt,
id. ib. 2, 22:
alius alia causa illata,
id. ib. 1, 39:
cum ceteros alii alium alia de causa improbarent,
Suet. Vesp. 6:
alius alii subsidium ferunt,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26:
alius alio more viventes,
each in a different way, Sall. C. 6, 2:
alius alii tanti facinoris conscii,
id. ib. 22, 2; so id. ib. 52, 28; id. J. 53, 8; Curt. 10, 5, 16; Just. 15, 2:
alii autem aliud clamabant,
Vulg. Act. 19, 32:
illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus sentiunt,
now this, now that, Cic. de Or. 2, 7 fin.:
aliter ab aliis digeruntur,
id. ib. 2, 19; Vulg. 3 Reg. 22, 20:
equites alii alia dilapsi sunt,
some in this way, some in that, Liv. 44, 43:
cum alii alio mitterentur,
id. 7, 39: Alis alibi stantes, omnes tamen adversis volneribus conciderunt, Sall. ap. Charis. 2, p. 133:
jussit alios alibi fodere,
Liv. 44, 33; Vulg. Sap. 18, 18.—
C.
Alius ex alio, super alium, post alium, one after another; so often of the connection between ideas:
ut aliud ex alio incidit, occurrit, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:
aliud ex alio succurrit mihi,
Cic. Fragm. C. 12:
alid ex alio reficit natura,
Lucr. 1, 263; 5, 1305; 5, 1456: sed, [p. 91] ut aliud ex alio, mihi non est dubium, quin, etc., Cic. Att. 16, 14, Plin. Pan. 18, 1:
ex alio in aliud vicissitudo atque mutatio,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:
alias ex aliis nectendo moras,
Liv. 7, 39:
aliam ex alia prolem,
Verg. G. 3, 65; id. Cir. 364:
nos alia ex aliis in fata vocamur,
id. A. 3, 494:
quae impie per biennium alia super alia es ausus,
Liv. 3, 56; 23, 36:
aliud super aliud scelus,
id. 30, 26; Plin. Ep. 7, 8; Suet. Ner. 49:
deinde ab eo magistratu alium post alium sibi peperit,
Sall. J. 63, 5.—
D.
Alius atque alius or alius aliusque, the one and the other; now this, now that; different:
eadem res saepe aut probatur aut reicitur, alio atque alio elata verbo,
Cic. Or. 22, 72:
alio atque alio loco requiescere,
in different places, Sall. J. 72, 2:
inchoata res aliis atque aliis de causis dilata erat,
Liv. 8, 23:
aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium,
Sen. Ep. 32, 2:
cum alia atque alia appetendo loca munirent,
Liv. 1, 8:
milites trans flumen aliis atque aliis locis traiciebant,
id. 2, 2:
luna alio atque alio loco exoritur,
Plin. 2, 10:
febres aliae aliaeque subinde oriuntur,
Cels. 3, 3:
cancer aliis aliisque signis discernitur,
id. 5, 26:
aliis atque aliis causis,
Suet. Aug. 97.—In Sall. also alius deinde alius or alius post alius:
saepe tentantes agros alia deinde alia loca petiverant, J. 18, 7: alias deinde alias morae causas facere,
id. ib. 36, 2:
aliis post aliis minitari,
id. ib. 55, 8.—
E.
Of another kind or nature, i. e. different; hence, alium facere, to make different, to change, transform; and alium fleri, to become different, to be wholly changed:
nunc haec dies aliam vitam affert, alios mores postulat,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 18 (aliam vitam pro diversam, contrariam, Don.):
alium nunc censes esse me atque olim cum dabam,
id. ib. 3, 3, 13:
Huic aliud mercedis erit,
Verg. E. 6, 26:
longe alia mihi mens est,
Sall. C. 52, 2:
Vos aliam potatis aquam,
Juv. 5, 52:
lectus non alius cuiquam,
id. 8, 178:
ensesque recondit mors alia,
Stat. Th. 7, 806:
ostensus est in alia effigie,
Vulg. Marc. 16, 12; ib. Rom. 7, 23; ib. Gal. 1, 6; ib. Jac. 2, 25:
alium fecisti me, alius ad te veneram,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 123: alius nunc fieri volo, id. Poen. prol. fin.:
homines alii facti sunt,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12:
mutaberis in virum alium,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 6; cf. supra, II. A. fin. —Hence, in alia omnia ire, transire, or discedere, sc. vota, to differ from the thing proposed; and in gen., to reject or oppose it, to go over to the opposite side: qui hoc censetis, illuc transite;
qui alia omnia, in hanc partem: his verbis praeit ominis videlicet causa, ne dicat: qui non censetis,
Fest. p. 221; Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 19:
frequens eum senatus reliquit et in alia omnia discessit,
Cic. Fam. 10, 12:
de tribus legatis frequentes ierunt in alia omnia,
id. ib. 1, 2 Manut.: cum prima M. Marcelli sententia pronunciata esset, frequens senatus in alia omnia iit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13:
discessionem faciente Marcello, senatus frequens in alia omnia transiit,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53: aliud or alias res agere, v. ago, II. 7.—
F.
Of that which remains of a whole, = reliquus, ceteri, the rest, the remainder:
Divitiaco ex aliis Gallis maximam fidem habebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 41:
inter primos atrox proelium fuit, alia multitudo terga vertit,
Liv. 7, 26:
vulgus aliud trucidatum,
id. 7, 19; 2, 23; so id. 24, 1:
legiones in testudinem glomerabantur et alii tela incutiebant,
Tac. H. 3, 31; id. A. 1, 30; 3, 42:
cum alios incessus hostis clausisset, unum reliquum aestas impediret,
id. ib. 6, 33 al.—
G.
Like alter, one of two, the other of two:
huic fuerunt filii nati duo, alium servus surpuit, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 8; cf. id. ib. arg. 2 and 9: eis genus, aetas, eloquentia prope aequalia fuere;
magnitudo animi par, item gloria, sed alia alii,
Sall. C. 54, 1 Kritz:
duo Romani super alium alius corruerunt,
one upon the other, Liv. 1, 25, 5:
ita duo deinceps reges, alius alia via, civitatem auxerunt,
each in a different way, id. 1, 21, 6; 24, 27:
marique alio Nicopolim ingressus,
Tac. A. 5, 10 ( Ionio, Halm); so,
alias partes fovere,
the other side, id. H. 1, 8.—Also in the enumeration of the parts of any thing:
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam Celtae,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1 Herz.:
classium item duo genera sunt: unum liburnarum, aliud lusoriarum,
Veg. 2, 1 (cf. in Gr. meinantes de tautên tên hêmeran, têi allêi eporeuonto, Xen. Anab. 3, 4, 1; and so the Vulg.: Alia die profecti, the next day, Act. 21, 8).—Hence, alius with a proper name used as an appell. (cf. alter):
ne quis alius Ariovistus regno Galliarum potiretur,
a second Ariovistus, Tac. H. 4, 73 fin.:
alius Nero,
Suet. Tit. 7.—
H.
A peculiar enhancement of the idea is produced by alius with a neg. and the comp.:
mulier, qua mulier alia nulla est pulchrior,
than whom no other woman is more beautiful, to whom no other woman is equal in beauty, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 100:
facinus, quo non fortius ausit alis,
Cat. 66, 28:
Fama malum qua non aliud velocius ullum,
Verg. A. 4, 174:
quo neque melius neque amplius aliud in natura mortalium est,
Sall. J. 2, 4:
quo non aliud atrocius visum,
Tac. A. 6, 24:
(Sulla) neque consilio neque manu priorem alium pati,
Sall. J. 96, 3:
neque majus aliud neque praestabilius invenias,
id. ib. 1, 2; Liv. 1, 24:
non alia ante Romana pugna atrocior fuit,
id. 1, 27; 2, 31; Tac. A. 6, 7 al.; cf. under aliter, 2. b. z.—Hence the advv.
A.
ălĭō, adv. (an old dat. form, designating direction to a place; cf.: eo, quo), elsewhither (arch.), elsewhere, to another place, person, or thing, allose (class., esp. among poets; but not found in Lucr. or Juv.).
1.
In gen.
a.
Of place:
fortasse tu profectus alio fueras,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 49:
ut ab Norba alio traducerentur,
Liv. 32, 2:
translatos alio maerebis amores,
Hor. Epod. 15, 23:
decurrens alio,
id. S. 2, 1, 32:
nam frustra vitium vitaveris illud, Si te alio pravum detorseris,
id. ib. 2, 2, 55.—With quo:
Arpinumne mihi eundum sit, an quo alio,
to some other place, Cic. Att. 9, 17:
si quando Romam aliove quo mitterent legatos,
Liv. 38, 30. —
b.
Of persons or things (cf. alias, alibi, alicunde, etc.):
illi suum animum alio conferunt,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 10 (cf. Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62:
ne ad illam me animum adjecisse sentiat): ne quando iratus tu alio conferas,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 60 Don.:
hi narrata ferunt alio,
Ov. M. 12, 57: tamen vocat me alio ( to another subject) jam dudum tacita vestra exspectatio, Cic. Clu. 23, 63; id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139:
sed, si placet, sermonem alio transferamus,
id. de Or. 1, 29, 133:
quoniam alio properare tempus monet,
Sall. J. 19, 2; so Tac. A. 1, 18 al.—
c.
Of purpose or design:
appellet haec desideria naturae: cupiditatis nomen servet alio,
for another purpose, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27:
hoc longe alio spectabat,
looked quite elsewhere, had a far different design, Nep. Them. 6, 3.—
2.
a.. Alio... alio, in one way... in another; hither... thither, = huc... illuc:
hic (i. e. in ea re) alio res familiaris, alio ducit humanitas,
Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: alio atque alio, in one way and another:
nihil alio atque alio spargitur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 11, 2.—
b.
Alius alio, each in a different way, one in one way, another in another:
et ceteri quidem alius alio,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80:
aliud alio dissipavit,
id. Div. 1, 34, 76; so Liv. 2, 54, 9; 7, 39.—So, aliunde alio, from one place to another:
quassatione terrae aliunde alio (aquae) transferuntur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 11, 1; cf. aliunde.—
c.
Like alius or aliter with a negative and the particles of comparison quam or atque;
in questions with nisi: plebem nusquam alio natam quam ad serviendum,
for nothing but, Liv. 7, 18, 7: non alio datam summam quam in emptionem, etc., * Suet. Aug. 98 Ruhnk.:
quo alio nisi ad nos confugerent?
Liv. 39, 36, 11; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 232-234.—
B.
ălĭā, adv. (sc. via), in another way, in a different manner (in the whole ante-class. and class. per. dub.); for in Plaut. Rud. prol. 10, aliuta has been proposed; in Lucr. 6, 986, Lachm. reads alio; in Liv. 21, 56, 2, Weissenb. alibi; and in id. 44, 43, 2, via may be supplied from the preced. context; certain only in Don. ad Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 5; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 219.—
C.
ălĭās, adv. (acc. to Prisc. 1014 P., and Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 769, an acc. form like foras; but acc. to Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 5, 57, and Hab. Syn. 79, old gen. like paterfamili as, Alcmen as, etc. In the ante-class. per. rare; only once in Plaut., twice in Ter., twice in Varro; in the class. per. most freq. in Cic., but only three times in his orations; also in Plin.).
1.
Of time, at a time other than the present, whether it be in the past or (more freq.) in the future.
a.
At another time, at other times, on another occasion (alias: temporis adverbium, quod Graeci allote, aliter allôs, Capitol. Orth. 2242 P.; cf.
Herz. and Hab., as cited above): alias ut uti possim causa hac integra,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 4; so id. And. 3, 2, 49 (alias = alio tempore, Don.):
sed alias jocabimur,
Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2:
sed plura scribemus alias,
id. ib. 7, 6:
et alias et in consulatus petitione vinci,
id. Planc. 18:
nil oriturum alias,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 17.—In the future, freq. in contrast with nunc, in praesentia, tum, hactenus:
recte secusne, alias viderimus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 135:
Hactenus haec: alias justum sit necne poema, Nunc, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 63: sed haec alias pluribus;
nunc, etc.,
Cic. Div. 2, 2 fin.; Liv. 44, 36 fin.: quare placeat, alias ostendemus; in praesentia, etc., Auct. ad Her. 3, 16, 28.—In the past:
gubernatores alias imperare soliti, tum metu mortis jussa exsequebantur,
Curt. 4, 3, 18:
alias bellare inter se solitos, tunc periculi societas junxerat,
id. 9, 4, 15.—Freq. with advv. of time;
as numquam, umquam, and the like: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid, aut etiam si numquam alias fuimus, tum profecto, etc.,
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 2:
consilio numquam alias dato,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 45:
numquam ante alias,
Liv. 2, 22, 7:
non umquam alias ante tantus terror senatum invasit,
id. 2, 9, 5; 1, 28, 4:
si quando umquam ante alias,
id. 32, 5 (where the four advv. of time are to be taken together):
Saturnalibus et si quando alias libuisset, modo munera dividebat,
Suet. Aug. 75.—
b.
Alias... alias, as in Gr. allote... allote; allote men... allote de, at one time... at another; once... another time; sometimes... sometimes; now... now:
Alias me poscit pro illa triginta minas, Alias talentum magnum,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 63; so Varr. L. L. 8, § 76 Mull.; id. R. R. 2, 1, 15; Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 120:
nec potest quisquam alias beatus esse, alias miser,
id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:
contentius alias, alias summissius,
id. de Or. 3, 55, 212:
cum alias bellum inferrent, alias inlatum defenderent,
Caes. B. G. 2, 29; so id. ib. 5, 57 al.; it occurs four times in successive clauses in Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 99.—Sometimes plerumque, saepe, aliquando, interdum stand in corresponding clauses:
nec umquam sine usura reddit (terra), quod accepit, sed alias minore, plerumque majore cum foenore,
Cic. Sen. 15, 51:
geminatio verborum habet interdum vim, leporem alias,
id. de Or. 3, 54, 206:
hoc alias fastidio, alias contumacia, saepius imbecillitate, evenit,
Plin. 16, 32, 58, § 134; 7, 15, 13, § 63.—Sometimes one alias is omitted:
illi eruptione tentata alias cuniculis ad aggerem actis, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 3, 21; Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 13.—
c.
Alias aliter, alias alius, etc. (cf. alius), at one time in one way... at another in another; now so... now otherwise; now this... now that:
et alias aliter haec in utramque partem causae solent convenire,
Cic. Inv. 2, 13, 45:
alii enim sunt, alias nostrique familiares fere demortui,
id. Att. 16, 11 (Madv. interprets this of time):
illi alias aliud iisdem de rebus judicant,
id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Or. 59, 200:
(deos) non semper eosdem atque alias alios solemus venerari,
id. Red. in Sen. 30:
ut iidem versus alias in aliam rem posse accommodari viderentur,
id. Div. 2, 54, 111.—
d.
Saepe alias or alias saepe... nunc, nuper, quondam, etc.;
also: cum saepe alias... tum, etc. (very common in Cic.): quod cum saepe alias tum nuper, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 7:
fecimus et alias saepe et nuper in Tusculano,
id. ib. 5, 4, 11:
quibus de rebus et alias saepe... et quondam in Hortensii villa,
id. Ac. 2, 3, 9:
quorum pater et saepe alias et maxime censor saluti rei publicae fuit,
id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:
cum saepe alias, tum apud centumviros,
id. Brut. 39, 144:
cum saepe alias, tum Pyrrhi bello,
id. Off. 3, 22, 86; 3, 11, 47:
neque tum solum, sed saepe alias,
Nep. Hann. 11, 7.—In comparative sentences rare:
nunc tamen libentius quam saepe alias,
Symm. Ep. 1, 90.—So,
e.
Semper alias, always at other times or in other cases (apparently only post-Aug.): et super cenam autem et semper alias communissimus, multa joco transigebat. Suet. Vesp. 22; id. Tib. 18; Gell. 15, 1.—
f.
Raro alias, rarely at other times, on other occasions:
ut raro alias quisquam tanto favore est auditus,
Liv. 45, 20; 3, 69; Tac. H. 1, 89.—
g.
Non alias, at no other time, never, = numquam (a choice poet. expression, often imitated by [p. 92] the histt.):
non alias caelo ceciderunt plura sereno Fulgura,
never at any other time did so much lightning fall from a clear sky, Verg. G. 1, 487:
non alias militi familiarior dux fuit,
Liv. 7, 33; 45, 7:
non alias majore mole concursum,
Tac. A. 2, 46; 4. 69;
11, 31: non sane alias exercitatior Britannia fuit,
id. Agr. 5:
haud alias intentior populus plus vocis permisit,
id. A. 3, 11, and 15, 46; Suet. Tit. 8; Flor. 3, 6.—
2.
Of place, at another place, elsewhere; or in respect of other things, in other circumstances, otherwise (only post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7):
Idaeus rubus appellatus est, quoniam in Ida, non alias, nascitur,
Plin. 24, 14, 75, § 123 (Jan, alius): nusquam alias tam torrens fretum, * Just. 4, 1, 9:
sicut vir alias doctissimus Cornutus existimat,
Macr. S. 5, 19.—
3.
Alias for alioqui (only post-Aug.), to indicate that something is in a different condition in one instance, not in others, except that, for the rest, otherwise:
in Silaro non virgulta modo immersa, verum et folia lapidescunt, alias salubri potu ejus aquae,
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; so id. 18, 6, 7, § 37; 19, 8, 48, § 163; 25, 2, 6, § 16 al.—
4.
Non alias quam, for no other reason, on no other condition, in no other circumstances than, not other than; and non alias nisi, on no other condition, not otherwise, except (prob. taken from the lang. of common life):
non alias magis indoluisse Caesarem ferunt quam quod, etc.,
Tac. A. 3, 73:
debilitatum vulnere jacuisse non alias quam simulatione mortis tutiorem,
by nothing safer than by feigning death, Curt. 8, 1, 24; 8, 14, 16; Dig. 29, 7, 6, § 2: non alias ( on no other condition) existet heres ex substitutione nisi, etc., ib. 28, 6, 8; 23, 3, 37, 23, 3, 29.—
5.
Alias like aliter, in another manner; flrst in the Lat. of the jurists (cf. Suet. Tib. 71 Oud.; Liv. 21, 56, 2 Drak.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 49 Ruhnk.), Dig. 33, 8, 8, § 8; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 219-227. —
D.
ălĭtĕr, adv. [alis; v. alius init. ], otherwise, in another manner, allôs.
1.
With comparative-clause expressed; constr. both affirm. and neg. without distinction.
a.
With atque, ac, quam, and rarely ut, otherwise than, different from what, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23:
sed aliter atque ostenderam facio,
Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 4; Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 6:
aliter ac nos vellemus,
Cic. Mil. 9, 23:
de quo tu aliter sentias atque ego,
id. Fin. 4, 22, 60; id. Att. 6, 3:
si aliter nos faciant quam aequum est,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 42:
si aliter quippiam coacti faciant quam libere,
Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 29; id. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 24; id. Inv. 2, 22, 66:
Sed si aliter ut dixi accidisset, qui possem queri?
id. Rep. 1, 4, 7.—
b.
Non (or haud) aliter, not otherwise (per litoten), = just as; with quam si, ac si, quam cum, quam, exactly, just as if:
Non aliter quam si ruat omnis Karthago,
Verg. A. 4, 669:
dividor haud aliter quam si mea membra relinquam,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 73:
nihil in senatu actum aliter quam si, etc.,
Liv. 23, 4; 21, 63, 9:
illi negabant se aliter ituros quam si, etc.,
id. 3, 51, 12:
nec aliter quam si mihi tradatur, etc., Quint. prooem. 5: ut non aliter ratio constet quam si uni reddatur,
Tac. A. 1, 6; 1, 49:
Non aliter quam si fecisset Juno maritum Insanum,
Juv. 6, 619; Suet. Aug. 40:
non aliter quam cum, etc.,
Ov. F. 2, 209; so id. M. 2, 623; 4, 348; 6, 516 al.:
nec scripsi aliter ac si, etc.,
Cic. Att. 13, 51; Suet. Oth. 6; Col. 2, 14 (15), 8:
Non aliter quam qui lembum subigit,
Verg. G. 1, 201:
non aliter praeformidat quam qui ferrum medici, priusquam curetur, aspexit,
Quint. 4, 5, 5; so id. 4, 5, 22; 2, 5, 11:
neque aliter quam ii, qui traduntur, etc.,
id. 5, 8, 1:
patere inde aliquid decrescere, non aliter quam Institor hibernae tegetis,
Juv. 7, 220:
successorem non aliter quam indicium mortis accepturum,
Tac. A. 6, 30.—
* c.
Aliter ab aliquo (analog. to alius with the abl., and alienus with ab), differently from any one:
cultores regionum multo aliter a ceteris agunt,
Mel. 1, 9, 6.—
d.
Non ali ter nisi, by no other means, on no other condition, not otherwise, except:
qui aliter obsistere fato fatetur se non potuisse, nisi etc.,
Cic. Fat. 20, 48; id. Fam. 1, 9: non pati C. Caesarem consulem aliter fieri, nisi exercitum et provincias tradiderit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14; so Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 14, 18; Liv. 35, 39; 45, 11; 38; Tac. Or. 32; Just. 12, 14, 7; Suet. Ner. 36; Dig. 37, 9, 6; 48, 18, 9. —
e.
Non aliter quam ut, on no other condition than that:
neque aliter poterit palos, ad quos perducitur, pertingere, quam ut diffluat,
Col. Arb. 7, 5; so Suet. Tib. 15; 24; id. Galb. 8; Curt. 9, 5, 23.—
2.
Without a comparative clause expressed.
a.
In gen., otherwise, in another manner, in other respects; and in the poets: haud aliter (per litoten), just so:
vale atque salve, etsi aliter ut dicam meres,
though you deserve that I speak differently, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 86 Brix:
tu si aliter existimes, nihil errabis,
Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 16:
ut eadem ab utrisque dicantur, aliter dicuntur,
in a different sense, Plin. Pan. 72, 7:
Si quis aliter docet,
Vulg. 1 Tim. 6, 3:
quae aliter se habent,
ib. ib. 5, 25:
Quippe aliter tunc vivebant homines,
Juv. 6, 11: quod uterque nostrum his etiam ex studiis notus, quibus aliter ignotus est, otherwise, i. e. personally, unknown, Plin. Ep. 9, 23, 3.—With negatives:
non fuit faciendum aliter,
Cic. Att. 6, 9; Tac. A. 15, 68:
Ergo non aliter poterit dormire?
Juv. 3, 281:
aliter haud facile eos ad tantum negotium impelli posse,
Sall. C. 44, 1; Curt. 8, 10, 27:
haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti Ignescunt irae (the comparison of the wolf precedes),
Verg. A. 9, 65:
haud aliter (i. e. like a wild beast) juvenis medios moriturus in hostes Irruit,
id. ib. 9, 554 al.; Ov. M. 8, 473; 9, 642:
non aliter (i. e. than I) Samio dicunt arsisse Bathyllo Anacreonta Teium,
Hor. Epod. 14, 10:
neque Mordaces aliter (i. e. than by means of wine) diffugiunt sollicitudines,
id. C. 1, 18, 4:
neque exercitum Romanum aliter transmissurum,
Tac. H. 5, 19:
nec aliter expiari potest,
Vulg. Num. 35, 33. —So, fieri aliter non potest or fieri non potest aliter (not fieri non aliter potest): nihil agis;
Fieri aliter non potest,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 13: assentior;
fieri non potuit aliter,
Cic. Att. 6, 6.—
b.
Esp.
(α).
Pregn., otherwise, in the contrary manner: Pe. Servos Epidicus dixit mihi. Ph. Quid si servo aliter visum est? i. e. if he does not speak the truth? Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 29:
verum aliter evenire multo intellegit,
Ter. And. prol. 4 (aliter autem contra significat, Don.):
amplis cornibus et nigris potius quam aliter,
Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 1: ne aliter quid eveniat, providere de cet, otherwise than harmoniously, Sall. J. 10, 7:
dis aliter visum,
Verg. A. 2, 428:
sin aliter tibi videtur,
Vulg. Num. 11, 15: adversi... saevaque circuitu curvantem bracchia longo Scorpion atque aliter ( in the opposite direction) curvantem bracchia Cancrum, Ov. M. 2, 83: aliterque ( and in the opposite course) secante jam pelagus rostro, Luc. 8, 197.—Hence, qui aliter fecerit, who will not do that:
neu quis de his postea ad senatum referat, neve cum populo agat: qui aliter fecerit, etc.,
Sall. C. 51, 43; Just. 6, 6, 1; cf. Brisson. de Form. p. 200, and de Verb. Signif. p. 66.—
(β).
Aliter esse, to be of a different nature, differently constituted or disposed:
sed longe aliter est amicus atque amator,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 70: ego hunc esse aliter credidi: iste me fefellit;
ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 44; id. Ad. 3, 4, 46; Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137.—
(γ).
For alioqui (q. v. II. C.), otherwise, else, in any other case:
jus enim semper est quaesitum aequabile: neque enim aliter esset jus (and just after: nam aliter justitia non esset),
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42; 1, 39, 139; id. Lael. 20, 74:
si suos legatos recipere vellent, quos Athenas miserant, se remitterent, aliter illos numquam in patriam essent recepturi,
Nep. Them. 7 fin.:
aliter sine populi jussu nulli earum rerum consuli jus est,
Sall. C. 29, 3 Kritz:
aliter non viribus ullis Vincere poteris,
Verg. A. 6, 147:
veniam ostentantes, si praesentia sequerentur: aliter nihil spei,
Tac. H. 4, 59:
quoniam aliter non possem,
Vulg. Sap. 8, 21.—
(δ).
Like alius (q. v. II. A.) repeated even several times in a distributive manner, in one way... in another: sed aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; so id. ib. 1, 12, 38; id. Lael. 24, 89; id. Fam. 15, 21, 6:
aliter utimur propriis, aliter commodatis,
Tac. Or. 32:
Aliter catuli longe olent, aliter sues,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 9:
aliter Diodoro, aliter Philoni, Chrysippo aliter placet,
id. Ac. 2, 47, 143:
idem illud aliter Caesar, aliter Cicero, aliter Cato suadere debebit,
Quint. 3, 8, 49: Et aliter acutis morbis medendum, aliter vetustis; aliter increscentibus, aliter subsistentibus, aliter jam ad sanitatem inclinatis, Cels. prooem. p. 10.—
(ε).
With alius or its derivatives, one in one way, another in another (v. alius, II. B.):
quoniam aliter ab aliis digeruntur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; id. Att. 7, 8; Liv. 2, 21; so id. 39, 53:
hoc ex locorum occasione aliter alibi decernitur,
Plin. 18, 5, 6, § 30; so id. 25, 4, 10, § 29.—
(ζ).
Non aliter, analog. to non alius (v. alius, II. H.) with a comp. (only in Plin.):
non aliter utilius id fieri putare quam, etc.,
Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 28:
idque non aliter clarius intellegi potest,
id. 37, 4, 15, § 59; so id. 22, 22, 36, § 78; 24, 11, 50, § 85; 28, 9, 41, § 148; cf. Hand, Turs. I. pp. 267-276.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alius
20 bellum

bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—

bellum
(ante-class. and poet.
duel-lum
), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.

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